Although the first dissection of the human ovary dates back to the 17^th century, the biophysical characteristics of the ovarian cell microenvironment are still poorly understood. However, this information is vital to deciphering cellular processes such as proliferation, morphology and differentiation, as well as pathologies like tumor progression, as demonstrated in other biological tissues. Here, we provide the first readout of human ovarian fiber morphology, interstitial and perifollicular fiber orientation, pore geometry, topography and surface roughness, and elastic and viscoelastic properties. By determining differences between healthy prepubertal, reproductive-age, and menopausal ovarian tissue, we unravel and elucidate a unique biophysical phenotype of reproductive-age tissue, bridging biophysics and female fertility. While these data enable to design of more biomimetic scaffolds for the tissue-engineered ovary, our analysis pipeline is applicable for the characterization of other organs in physiological or pathological states to reveal their biophysical markers or design their bioinspired analogs.

虽然人类卵巢的第一次解剖可以追溯到 17^世纪世纪以来，对卵巢细胞微环境的生物物理特征仍知之甚少。然而，这些信息对于破译细胞过程（如增殖、形态和分化）以及病理学（如肿瘤进展）至关重要，正如其他生物组织所证明的那样。在这里，我们提供了人类卵巢纤维形态、间质和毛囊周围纤维取向、孔几何形状、地形和表面粗糙度以及弹性和粘弹性的首次读数。通过确定健康的青春期前、育龄期和绝经期卵巢组织之间的差异，我们揭示并阐明了育龄期组织的独特生物物理表型，连接了生物物理学和女性生育能力。