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Electrostatic Effect on Core–Shell Micro-spheres with Mixed Charges as Adaptive Plugging Agents for Enhanced Oil Recovery
ACS Omega ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04214 Hui Xu 1 , Zhiqing Su 1 , Yingcheng Li 1 , Guang Yang 1 , Xue Pu 1 , Hui Sun 1 , Jun Jin 1 , Yanmin Xia 1
ACS Omega ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04214 Hui Xu 1 , Zhiqing Su 1 , Yingcheng Li 1 , Guang Yang 1 , Xue Pu 1 , Hui Sun 1 , Jun Jin 1 , Yanmin Xia 1
Affiliation
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Core–shell micro-spheres (MS) with both negative and positive charges in the core and only negative charges in the shell were developed as adaptive plugging agents for in-depth conformance control for enhanced oil recovery. The MS were designed to propagate deeply into the reservoir due to the small particle size and electrostatic repulsion between the MS and the sandstone at the initial stage of injection and form aggregates by electrostatic attraction between the cores with mixed charges when the shells degraded at a given time during transportation, leading to an effective plugging of the highly permeable layers with low residual oil saturation. The self-assembling and plugging behaviors of the MS have been studied by Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that charge density (Dcharge), fraction of positive charge (Fp), MS concentration, temperature, and salinity are the key factors influencing the self-assembling behaviors. The electrostatic interaction would become stronger with the increase in Dcharge when it is larger than 0.5. The MS are more likely to form aggregates when Fp approaches 0.5. The higher the concentration of the MS, the stronger the electrostatic interaction between the MS. In addition, electrostatic interactions between the MS become stronger with the increase in temperature and decrease in salinity. Simulation results prove that the MS with mixed charges can effectively and adaptively plug highly permeable layers with low residual oil saturation through self-assembling by combination of electrostatic interactions along with physical bridging, leading to the improvement of oil recovery. Furthermore, block charge distribution will be helpful for the MS with mixed charges to form larger aggregates than that of the random mode to effectively plug the highly permeable layers.
中文翻译：
具有混合电荷的核壳微球作为提高采油率的自适应封堵剂的静电效应
核壳微球（MS）在核中带有正负电荷，壳中只有负电荷，被开发作为自适应封堵剂，用于深度一致性控制以提高采收率。由于在注入初始阶段 MS 与砂岩之间的小粒径和静电排斥力，MS 被设计成深入储层，当壳在给定的条件下降解时，通过带混合电荷的岩心之间的静电吸引形成聚集体。运输过程中的时间，导致有效堵塞低残余油饱和度的高渗透层。已经通过蒙特卡罗模拟研究了 MS 的自组装和堵塞行为。结果表明，电荷密度（D电荷)、正电荷分数 ( F p )、MS 浓度、温度和盐度是影响自组装行为的关键因素。当D电荷大于 0.5 时，静电相互作用会随着D电荷的增加而增强。当F p时，MS 更有可能形成聚集体接近 0.5。MS 的浓度越高，MS 之间的静电相互作用越强。此外，MS 之间的静电相互作用随着温度的升高和盐度的降低而变得更强。模拟结果证明，混合电荷MS可以通过静电相互作用和物理桥接相结合的自组装方式，有效、自适应地封堵低残余油饱和度的高渗透层，从而提高采收率。此外，块电荷分布将有助于混合电荷的 MS 形成比随机模式更大的聚集体，从而有效地堵塞高渗透层。
更新日期：2021-10-06
中文翻译：
具有混合电荷的核壳微球作为提高采油率的自适应封堵剂的静电效应
核壳微球（MS）在核中带有正负电荷，壳中只有负电荷，被开发作为自适应封堵剂，用于深度一致性控制以提高采收率。由于在注入初始阶段 MS 与砂岩之间的小粒径和静电排斥力，MS 被设计成深入储层，当壳在给定的条件下降解时，通过带混合电荷的岩心之间的静电吸引形成聚集体。运输过程中的时间，导致有效堵塞低残余油饱和度的高渗透层。已经通过蒙特卡罗模拟研究了 MS 的自组装和堵塞行为。结果表明，电荷密度（D电荷)、正电荷分数 ( F p )、MS 浓度、温度和盐度是影响自组装行为的关键因素。当D电荷大于 0.5 时，静电相互作用会随着D电荷的增加而增强。当F p时，MS 更有可能形成聚集体接近 0.5。MS 的浓度越高，MS 之间的静电相互作用越强。此外，MS 之间的静电相互作用随着温度的升高和盐度的降低而变得更强。模拟结果证明，混合电荷MS可以通过静电相互作用和物理桥接相结合的自组装方式，有效、自适应地封堵低残余油饱和度的高渗透层，从而提高采收率。此外，块电荷分布将有助于混合电荷的 MS 形成比随机模式更大的聚集体，从而有效地堵塞高渗透层。
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