We investigate collisional line-shape effects that are present in highly accurate experimental spectra of the 3-0 S(1) and 2-0 Q(1) molecular hydrogen absorption lines perturbed by helium. We clearly distinguish the influence of six different collisional effects (i.e.: collisional broadening and shift, their speed dependencies and the complex Dicke effect) on the shapes of H${}_2$ lines. We demonstrate that only a very specific combination of these six contributions, determined from our ab initio calculations, gives unprecedentedly good agreement with experimental spectra. If any of the six contributions is neglected, then the experiment-theory comparison deteriorates at least several times. We also analyze the influence of the centrifugal distortion on our ab initio calculations and we demonstrate that the inclusion of this effect slightly improves the agreement with the experimental spectra.

我们调查了由氦扰动的 3-0 S(1) 和 2-0 Q(1) 分子氢吸收线的高精度实验光谱中存在的碰撞线形状效应。我们清楚地区分了六种不同的碰撞效应（即：碰撞加宽和偏移、它们的速度依赖性和复杂的 Dicke 效应）对 H 形状的影响${}_2$线。我们证明，只有从我们的ab initio 计算确定的这六个贡献的非常具体的组合，才能与实验光谱取得前所未有的良好一致性。如果忽略六个贡献中的任何一个，那么实验理论比较至少会恶化几次。我们还分析了离心畸变对我们的ab initio 计算的影响，我们证明了这种效应的包含略微提高了与实验光谱的一致性。