ABSTRACT

Background & objectives

Emotion regulation is an integral component of multiple physical and psychological functions, and problems with emotion regulation are thought to be involved with the development of psychological disorders. Most laboratory research on emotion regulation has been limited to investigating short-term impact during a single session.

Design & methods

In the current study, we investigated the potential delayed consequences of the short-term use of two emotion regulation strategies: mindfulness and suppression. To do so, a two-session design was implemented, with 56 undergraduate participants viewing images under various regulation instructions at Time 1, returning one week later for a recognition memory test for these images at Time 2. Images were rated for valence and arousal at both time points.

Results

We hypothesized that images encoded mindfully would elicit lower levels of anxiety upon re-exposure, while suppression would increase levels of anxiety. Results did not support original hypotheses: although participants reported being calmer and happier at re-exposure, this effect did not vary by strategy. High-anxiety participants reported higher arousal levels regardless of Instruction condition or Time Point.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that short-term use of emotion regulation does not impact feelings of calmness long-term, when exposed to anxiety-provoking stimuli.

中文翻译：

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抑制和正念作为情绪调节策略的即时和延迟效果*

摘要

背景与目标

情绪调节是多种生理和心理功能的组成部分，情绪调节问题被认为与心理障碍的发展有关。大多数关于情绪调节的实验室研究仅限于调查单次会议期间的短期影响。

设计与方法

在目前的研究中，我们调查了短期使用两种情绪调节策略的潜在延迟后果：正念和抑制。为此，实施了一个两期设计，有 56 名本科生参与者在时间 1 根据各种监管指示查看图像，一周后返回以在时间 2 对这些图像进行识别记忆测试。图像的效价和唤醒等级为两个时间点。

结果

我们假设用心编码的图像在重新暴露时会引起较低水平的焦虑，而抑制会增加焦虑水平。结果不支持最初的假设：尽管参与者报告说在重新接触时更加平静和快乐，但这种效果并没有因策略而异。无论教学条件或时间点如何，高焦虑参与者都报告了更高的唤醒水平。

结论

这些发现表明，当暴露于引发焦虑的刺激时，短期使用情绪调节不会长期影响平静的感觉。