Entrepreneurs require human resources to establish and scale their ventures; however, constraints often prevent entrepreneurs from investing in formal human resource systems. How entrepreneurs overcome human resource challenges by leveraging their entrepreneurial ecosystems as informal inter-organizational talent management systems has been overlooked by scholars. We propose a model of entrepreneurial ecosystem human resource management, theorizing that ecosystem participants collectively perform the human resource management function for entrepreneurship communities. Drawing from economic rents theory, we explain how entrepreneurial ecosystems encourage a form of meta-organizational human resource management that allows ecosystem participants to coordinate talent acquisition, learning and development, performance management and rewards, and retention. Coordinated entrepreneurial ecosystems improve entrepreneurial performance by sourcing talent, onboarding selected members, enculturating ecosystem values, developing entrepreneurial skills, and retaining human resources, which in turn generates rents. We discuss how our theory catalyzes research at the HR and entrepreneurial ecosystems interface and reveals insights for practitioners.

企业家需要人力资源来建立和扩大他们的企业；然而，制约因素往往阻止企业家投资于正规的人力资源系统。企业家如何通过利用其创业生态系统作为非正式的组织间人才管理系统来克服人力资源挑战一直被学者们所忽视。我们提出了一个创业生态系统人力资源管理模型，理论认为生态系统参与者共同为创业社区执行人力资源管理功能。从经济租金理论出​​发，我们解释了创业生态系统如何鼓励一种元组织人力资源管理形式，使生态系统参与者能够协调人才获取、学习和发展、绩效管理和奖励，和保留。协调的创业生态系统通过寻找人才、入职选定成员、培养生态系统价值、发展创业技能和留住人力资源来提高创业绩效，这反过来又会产生租金。我们讨论了我们的理论如何促进人力资源和创业生态系统界面的研究，并为从业者揭示见解。