High-quality perovskite films are crucial for developing efficient planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). As-prepared perovskite films have low crystallinity and high level of trap densities, resulting in the deterioration of PSCs performances. Herein, a facile approach is adopted to fabricate high-quality CH₃NH₃PbI₃ films by incorporating different types of zinc salt, including zinc iodide (ZnI₂), zinc chloride (ZnCl₂), and zinc acetate (Zn(Ac)₂). It is demonstrated that zinc ions (Zn²⁺) substitute a part of the lead ion (Pb²⁺) sites, enlarging the grain size, and suppressing the formation of metallic lead. Moreover, the acetate anion bearing the carbonyl species (CO) effectively passivates the under-coordinated Pb²⁺ defects and further reduces the defect densities at both the grain boundaries and interfaces. As a result, the planar PSCs with the Zn(Ac)₂ additive yield a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.32%, which is 15% higher than that of the control device. Simultaneously, the outperforming device delivers remarkable stability, retaining 87% of its original efficiency after aging for 500 h under ambient conditions.

高质量的钙钛矿薄膜对于开发高效的平面钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 至关重要。所制备的钙钛矿薄膜具有低结晶度和高陷阱密度，导致 PSC 性能下降。在本文中，一个浅显的方法被采用以制造高品质的CH _3层NH ₃碘化铅_3层通过结合不同类型的锌盐，包括碘化锌（ZnI膜₂），氯化锌（的ZnCl ₂）和醋酸锌（锌（AC）₂）。结果表明，锌离子（Zn ²⁺）取代了一部分铅离子（Pb ²⁺) 位点，增大晶粒尺寸，并抑制金属铅的形成。此外，带有羰基物质 ( CO)的乙酸根阴离子有效地钝化了配位不足的 Pb ²⁺缺陷，并进一步降低了晶界和界面处的缺陷密度。结果，具有 Zn(Ac) ₂添加剂的平面 PSC产生了 19.32% 的功率转换效率 (PCE)，比控制装置的功率转换效率 (PCE) 高 15%。同时，性能出众的设备提供了卓越的稳定性，在环境条件下老化 500 小时后仍保持其原始效率的 87%。