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Effect assessment of reclaimed waters and carbamazepine exposure on the thyroid axis of Xenopus laevis: Gene expression modifications
Environmental Pollution ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118226
José Luis Martínez-Guitarte 1 , Eulalia María Beltrán 2 , Miguel González-Doncel 2 , Pilar García-Hortigüela 2 , Amanda Fernández 2 , María Victoria Pablos 2
Affiliation  

Reclaimed water (RW) obtained from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is used for irrigation, groundwater recharge, among other potential uses. Although most pollutants are removed, traces of them are frequently found, which can affect organisms and alter the environment. The presence of a myriad of contaminants in RW makes it a complex mixture with very diverse effects and interactions. A previous study, in which tadpoles were exposed to RW and RW spiked with Carbamazepine (CBZ), presented slight thyroid gland stimulation, as suggested by the development acceleration of tadpoles and histological findings in the gland provoked by RW, regardless of the CBZ concentration. To complement this study, the present work analysed the putative molecular working mechanism by selecting six genes coding for the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSHβ), thyroid hormone metabolising enzymes (DIO2, DIO3), thyroid receptors (THRA, THRB), and a thyroid hormone-induced DNA binding protein (Kfl9). Transcriptional activity was studied by Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR) in brains, hind limbs, and tails on exposure days 1, 7, and 21. No significant differences were observed between treatments for each time point, but slight alterations were noted when the time response was analysed. The obtained results indicate that the effects of RW or RW spiked with CBZ are negligible for the genes analysed during the selected exposure periods.



中文翻译:

再生水和卡马西平暴露对非洲爪蟾甲状腺轴的影响评估:基因表达修饰

从废水处理厂 (WWTP) 获得的再生水 (RW) 用于灌溉、地下水补给以及其他潜在用途。尽管大多数污染物都被去除了,但经常会发现它们的痕迹,这会影响生物体并改变环境。RW 中无数污染物的存在使其成为具有多种影响和相互作用的复杂混合物。之前的一项研究中,蝌蚪暴露于 RW 和掺有卡马西平 (CBZ) 的 RW,表现出轻微的甲状腺刺激,正如蝌蚪的发育加速和 RW 引起的腺体组织学发现所表明的那样,无论 CBZ 浓度如何。为了补充这项研究,目前的工作通过选择六个编码促甲状腺激素的基因来分析推定的分子工作机制。TSHβ)、甲状腺激素代谢酶(DIO2DIO3)、甲状腺受体(THRATHRB)和甲状腺激素诱导的 DNA 结合蛋白(Kfl9)。在暴露第 1、7 和 21 天,通过实时 PCR (RT-PCR) 在大脑、后肢和尾巴中研究转录活性。每个时间点的处理之间没有观察到显着差异,但在分析了时间响应。获得的结果表明,RW 或掺有 CBZ 的 RW 对选定暴露期间分析的基因的影响可以忽略不计。

更新日期:2021-09-24
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