Introduction: Progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a clinical event with highly variable progression rates varying from 10–15% up to 30–34%. Functional connectivity (FC), the temporal similarity between spatially remote neurophysiological events, has previously been reported to differ between aMCI patients who progress to AD (pMCI) and those who do not (i.e., remain stable; sMCI). However, these reports had a short-term follow-up and do not provide insight into long-term AD progression. Methods: Seventy-nine participants with a baseline and 78 with a 12-month, 51 with a 24-month, and 22 with a +48-month follow-up resting-state fMRI with aMCI diagnosis from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database were included. FC was assessed using the CONN toolbox. Local correlation and group independent component analysis were utilized to compare regional functional coupling and between-network FC, respectively, between sMCI and pMCI groups. Two-sample t tests were used to test for statistically significant differences between groups, and paired t-tests were used to assess cognitive changes over time. Results: All participants (i.e., 66 sMCI and 19 pMCI) had a baseline and a year follow-up fMRI scan. Progression from aMCI to AD occurred in 19 patients (10 at 12 months, 5 at 24 months, and 4 at #x3e;48 months), while 73 MCI patients remained cognitively stable (sMCI). The pMCI and sMCI cognitive profiles were different. More between-network FC than regional functional coupling differences were present between sMCI and pMCI patients. Activation in the salience network (SN) and the default mode network (DMN) was consistently different between sMCI and pMCI patients across time. Discussion: sMCI and pMCI patients have different cognitive and FC profiles. Only pMCI patients showed cognitive differences across time. The DMN and SN showed local correlation and between-network FC differences between the sMCI and pMCI patient groups at multiple moments in time.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 2021;11:235–249

中文翻译：

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与阿尔茨海默病进展相关的短期和长期功能连接差异

简介：遗忘型轻度认知障碍 (aMCI) 向阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的进展是一种临床事件，其进展率从 10-15% 到 30-34% 不等。功能连接性 (FC) 是空间远程神经生理事件之间的时间相似性，以前曾报道过进展为 AD 的 aMCI 患者 (pMCI) 和未进展为 AD 的患者 (即保持稳定；sMCI) 之间存在差异。然而，这些报告进行了短期随访，并没有提供对长期 AD 进展的深入了解。方法：包括来自阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议数据库的 79 名基线参与者和 78 名 12 个月、51 名 24 个月和 22 名接受 +48 个月随访静息状态 fMRI 和 aMCI 诊断的参与者。FC 使用 CONN 工具箱进行评估。局部相关性和组独立成分分析分别用于比较 sMCI 和 pMCI 组之间的区域功能耦合和网络间 FC。两样本t检验用于检验组间的统计学显着差异，成对t检验用于评估随时间的认知变化。结果：所有参与者（即 66 名 sMCI 和 19 名 pMCI）都进行了基线和一年随访 fMRI 扫描。19 名患者从 aMCI 进展为 AD（10 名在 12 个月，5 名在 24 个月，4 名在 #x3e；48 个月），而 73 名 MCI 患者保持认知稳定 (sMCI)。pMCI 和 sMCI 认知概况不同。sMCI 和 pMCI 患者之间存在比区域功能耦合差异更多的网络间 FC。随着时间的推移，sMCI 和 pMCI 患者在显着网络 (SN) 和默认模式网络 (DMN) 中的激活始终不同。讨论：sMCI 和 pMCI 患者具有不同的认知和 FC 特征。只有 pMCI 患者随着时间的推移表现出认知差异。DMN 和 SN 在多个时刻显示 sMCI 和 pMCI 患者组之间的局部相关性和网络间 FC 差异。
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 2021;11:235–249