Globally, lower respiratory infections (LRTIs) are one of the most common infectious diseases whichaffect majority of the population and as a result of inappropriate antibiotics practices lead to antibiotic resistance (AR). An individual randomized control trial will be conducted in the post-conflict areas of Swat, Pakistan, through a random sampling method. Patients aged > 18 years will be recruited from five community pharmacies and assigned to equally sized groups to receive either pharmacist-led education interventions or usual care with no intervention. A total of 400 (control = 200, study = 200) patients will be included, with prescriptions comprised of antibiotics for LRTIs. The outcomes measured in both groups will be a combination of treatment cure rate and adherence, which will be assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale and pill count. The trial comprises pharmacist-led educational interventions to improve treatment outcomes for patients with LRTIs. This study might establish the groundwork for pharmaceutical care of LRTIs patients with antibacterial therapy and the future delivery of a care strategy for the improvement of LRTIs treatment outcomes in post-conflict, remote areas of the third world and LMICs.

中文翻译：

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药剂师主导的简短教育干预在巴基斯坦冲突后农村地区坚持使用抗生素治疗下呼吸道感染 (EATSA) 的有效性：随机对照试验的研究方案

在全球范围内，下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 是影响大多数人口的最常见传染病之一，并且由于不当的抗生素使用导致抗生素耐药性 (AR)。将通过随机抽样方法在巴基斯坦斯瓦特的冲突后地区进行个人随机对照试验。将从 5 家社区药房招募 18 岁以上的患者，并将其分配到同等规模的群体中，以接受药剂师主导的教育干预或无干预的常规护理。将包括总共 400 名（对照 = 200，研究 = 200）患者，处方中包含 LRTI 的抗生素。两组测量的结果将是治疗治愈率和依从性的组合，这将使用 Morisky 药物依从性量表和药丸计数进行评估。该试验包括药剂师主导的教育干预，以改善 LRTI 患者的治疗结果。这项研究可能为 LRTIs 患者接受抗菌治疗的药学护理奠定基础，并为未来在冲突后、第三世界偏远地区和 LMIC 中改善 LRTIs 治疗结果的护理策略提供基础。