The performance degradation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is one of the most critical challenges in their practical applications. Degradations of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at cathode and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) at the anode are the major contributors to PEMFC degradation, which are mainly induced by fuel/air impurities, unintentional harmful species during the preparation and use of the catalysts, as well as catalyst decomposition during the operation. This review summarizes the recent research on PEMFC performance degradation and the progress in developing mitigation strategies for avoiding the degradation. Several aspects are emphasized as follows: the understanding of catalyst poisoning phenomena, influencing factors, and general degradation mechanisms. Several technical challenges are analyzed and the corresponding future research directions are proposed to facilitate the further research and development of mitigation strategies for PEMFC catalyst degradation.

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的性能下降是其实际应用中最关键的挑战之一。阴极氧还原反应(ORR) 和阳极氢氧化反应 (HOR)的电催化剂的降解是PEMFC 降解的主要原因，这主要是由燃料/空气杂质、制备和使用过程中无意中的有害物质引起的。催化剂，以及运行过程中的催化剂分解。本综述总结了 PEMFC 性能退化的最新研究以及为避免退化而制定缓解策略的进展。重点强调以下几个方面： 对催化剂中毒的认识现象、影响因素和一般降解机制。分析了几个技术挑战，并提出了相应的未来研究方向，以促进 PEMFC 催化剂降解缓解策略的进一步研究和开发。