Long-term impact of exposure to coalmine fire emitted PM2.5 on emergency ambulance attendances,Chemosphere

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Long-term impact of exposure to coalmine fire emitted PM2.5 on emergency ambulance attendances
Chemosphere ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132339
Jonathan C Broder ₁ , Caroline X Gao ₂ , Michael J Abramson ₁ , Rory Wolfe ₁ , Christina Dimitriadis ₁ , Jillian Ikin ₁ , Malcolm R Sim ₁ , Anthony Del Monaco ₁ , Fay H Johnston ₃ , Matthew Carroll ₄ , David Brown ₁ , Karen Smith ₅ , Yuming Guo ₁

Affiliation

Background

Little is known about the long-term health effects of coalmine fire smoke exposure. The 2014 Hazelwood coalmine fire event in southeast Australia released smoke into surrounding areas for 6 weeks.

Objectives

We aimed to investigate whether individual-level exposure to coalmine fire-related PM_2.5 was associated with a long-term increase in ambulance attendances following a coalmine fire event.

Methods

A total of 2223 residents from the most exposed town of Morwell were assessed for ambulance attendances after the Hazelwood event from April 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017. PM_2.5 exposure was estimated for each individual using participant self-reported location diary data during the event and modelled PM_2.5 concentrations. Recurrent event survival analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between PM_2.5 exposure and ambulance attendances.

Results

For each 10 μg/m³ increase in mean coalmine fire-related PM_2.5 exposure, there was a 10% (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]:1.10, 95%CI:1.03–1.17) increase in the overall risk of ambulance attendances within 3.5 years after the coalmine fire. Exposure to PM_2.5 was also associated with increased risk of respiratory (HR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.02–1.44) and cardiovascular (HR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.01–1.28) related ambulance attendances.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate that exposure to coalmine fire smoke during the Hazelwood event was associated with a long-term health risk post the fire event, specifically for respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. These findings are important for effective implementation of health care services following future extended coalmine fire PM_2.5 events.

中文翻译：

暴露于煤矿火灾排放的 PM2.5 对紧急救护车出勤率的长期影响

背景

人们对煤矿火灾烟雾暴露的长期健康影响知之甚少。2014 年澳大利亚东南部的 Hazelwood 煤矿火灾事件向周边地区释放了 6 周的烟雾。

目标

我们旨在调查个人接触煤矿火灾相关 PM _2.5是否与煤矿火灾事件后救护车出勤人数的长期增加有关。

方法

在 2014 年 4 月 1 日至 2017 年 12 月 31 日 Hazelwood 事件后，共有 2223 名来自暴露最严重的 Morwell 镇的居民接受了救护车出勤情况评估。使用参与者自我报告的位置日记数据估计了每个人的PM _2.5暴露量。事件和模拟的 PM _2.5浓度。复发事件生存分析用于评估 PM _2.5暴露与救护车出勤率之间的关系。