Due to the catastrophic consequence of possible incidents caused by the storage and transportation of hazardous materials, effectively mitigating such risks is of vital importance. This paper proposes a gradual-coverage game describing the situation of locating emergency facilities, to which the Shapley value can be used to evaluate the candidate locations. To be specific, the rescue risk and utility are assessed in terms of the response time to construct a gradual-coverage game. Then, we characterize the Shapley value by proposing two new axioms. Furthermore, to ensure that the analytical model can be practically applied to real-world situations, an algorithm for locating emergency facilities is designed based on the properties of the Shapley value, which is then tested for efficiency.

由于危险品储存和运输可能引发的事故后果是灾难性的，有效降低此类风险至关重要。本文提出了一种描述应急设施定位情况的渐进覆盖博弈，可以利用沙普利值来评估候选位置。具体而言，根据响应时间来评估救援风险和效用，以构建渐进式覆盖博弈。然后，我们通过提出两个新公理来表征 Shapley 值。此外，为了确保分析模型可以实际应用于实际情况，基于 Shapley 值的属性设计了一种定位应急设施的算法，然后对其进行了效率测试。