Visual dysfunction in patients with macular hole is believed to occur because of cone cell displacement, often measured by the Watzke-Allen test (WAT). However, it is unknown if the horizontal and vertical measurements recorded by WAT reflect the true extent of photoreceptor displacement. This study aimed to measure the extent of photoreceptor displacement in patients with macular hole using WAT and compare the displacement value with the hole diameter measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). This prospective, observational study at a single tertiary referral center included 43 patients with macular hole. WAT thresholds were assessed for their ability to detect macular hole. The slit was presented vertically and horizontally, and the brightness of the monitor screen was 180 cd/m. Horizontal and vertical WAT thresholds for distortion were measured. Correlations and performance evaluations were assessed by Pearson's correlation analysis and Wilcoxon rank-sum test, respectively, between WAT threshold values and hole diameters. Horizontal and vertical WAT thresholds and diameters were compared using paired -tests. The mean vertical WAT threshold (1.95° ± 0.87°) was significantly higher than the mean horizontal threshold (1.71° ± 0.73°; P < 0.0001). The mean minimum horizontal hole diameter (303.42 ± 111.16 mm; visual angle, 1.01°) was significantly greater than the mean minimum vertical diameter (264.12 ± 107.88 mm; visual angle, 0.88°; P = 0.0149). The minimum vertical and horizontal macular hole diameters were positively correlated with the vertical and horizontal WAT threshold values ( = 0.514, P < 0.01; = 0.447, P < 0.01, respectively). The WAT threshold values were greater than the respective minimum macular hole diameters, indicative of cone cells displacement over an area larger than that of the hole. The difference in the extent of vertical and horizontal distortions suggests asymmetric hole formation. Hence, WAT threshold values may help evaluate visual function in patients with macular hole.

中文翻译：

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使用 Watzke-Allen 测试测量黄斑裂孔患者的不对称畸变程度


黄斑裂孔患者的视觉功能障碍被认为是由于视锥细胞移位而发生的，通常通过 Watzke-Allen 测试 (WAT) 来测量。然而，尚不清楚 WAT 记录的水平和垂直测量是否反映了感光器位移的真实程度。本研究旨在利用WAT测量黄斑裂孔患者的光感受器位移程度，并将位移值与光学相干断层扫描（OCT）测量的孔径进行比较。这项前瞻性、观察性研究在一个三级转诊中心进行，纳入了 43 名黄斑裂孔患者。评估 WAT 阈值检测黄斑裂孔的能力。狭缝呈垂直和水平呈现，监视器屏幕的亮度为180 cd/m2。测量了失真的水平和垂直 WAT 阈值。分别通过 Pearson 相关分析和 Wilcoxon 秩和检验评估 WAT 阈值和孔径之间的相关性和性能评估。使用配对测试比较水平和垂直 WAT 阈值和直径。平均垂直 WAT 阈值 (1.95° ± 0.87°) 显着高于平均水平阈值 (1.71° ± 0.73°；P < 0.0001)。平均最小水平孔径（303.42 ± 111.16 mm；视角，1.01°）显着大于平均最小垂直直径（264.12 ± 107.88 mm；视角，0.88°；P = 0.0149）。最小垂直和水平黄斑裂孔直径与垂直和水平WAT阈值呈正相关（分别为= 0.514，P < 0.01；= 0.447，P < 0.01）。 WAT 阈值大于各自的最小黄斑裂孔直径，表明视锥细胞在比黄斑裂孔面积更大的区域上位移。垂直和水平扭曲程度的差异表明孔的形成不对称。因此，WAT阈值可能有助于评估黄斑裂孔患者的视功能。