COVID-19, a type of viral pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has challenged the world as global pandemic. It has marked the identification of third generation of extremely pathogenic zoonotic coronaviruses of twenty-first century posing threat to humans and mainly targeting the lower respiratory tract. In this review, we focused on not only the structure and virology of SARS-COV-2 but have discussed in detail the molecular immunopathogenesis of this novel virus highlighting its interaction with immune system and the role of compromised or dysregulated immune response towards disease severity. We attempted to correlate the crosstalk between unregulated inflammatory outcomes with disrupted host immunity which may play a potential role towards fatal acute respiratory distress syndrome that claims to be life-threatening in COVID-19. Exploration and investigation of molecular host-virus interactions will provide a better understanding on the mechanism of fatal COVID-19 infection and also enlighten the escape routes from the same.

COVID-19 是一种由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型引起的病毒性肺炎，已成为全球大流行病。它标志着二十一世纪第三代高致病性人畜共患冠状病毒的鉴定，对人类构成威胁，主要针对下呼吸道。在这篇综述中，我们不仅关注 SARS-COV-2 的结构和病毒学，还详细讨论了这种新型病毒的分子免疫发病机制，强调其与免疫系统的相互作用以及受损或失调的免疫反应对疾病严重程度的作用。我们试图将不受管制的炎症结果与宿主免疫力受损之间的串扰联系起来，这可能对致命的急性呼吸窘迫综合征发挥潜在作用，该综合征据称在 COVID-19 中危及生命。对分子宿主-病毒相互作用的探索和研究将有助于更好地了解致命的COVID-19感染的机制，并揭示其逃生路线。