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Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.
PLOS ONE ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-21 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257715
Simon Appah Aram 1, 2 , Benjamin M Saalidong 3 , Patrick Osei Lartey 4
Affiliation  

The occurrence of pollution indicator bacteria (total and faecal coliform) has been used as a sanitary parameter for evaluating the quality of drinking water. It is known that these indicators are associated with disease causing organisms which are of great concern to public health. This study assessed the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems in the Tarkwa mining area using logistic regression models. In surface water sources, higher values of chloride (OR = 0.891, p<005), phosphates (OR = 0.452, p<0.05), pH (OR = 0.174, p<0.05) and zinc (OR = 0.001, p<0.05) were associated with lower odds of faecal coliform contamination. In groundwater sources, higher values of phosphates (OR = 0.043, p<0.001), total dissolved solids (OR = 0.858, p<0.05), turbidity (OR = 0.996, p<0.05) and nickel (OR = 6.09E-07, p<0.05) implied non-contamination by faecal coliform. However, higher values of electrical conductivity (OR = 1.097, p<0.05), nitrates (OR = 1.191, p<0.05) and total suspended solids (OR = 1.023, p<0.05) were associated with higher odds of faecal coliform contamination of groundwater sources. Nitrates and total suspended solids, in this case, were completely mediated by the heavy metals. For total coliform in surface water systems, higher values of magnesium (OR = 1.070, p<0.05) was associated with higher odds of total coliform contamination while higher values of phosphates (OR = 0.968, p<0.05) was associated with lower odds of total coliform contamination although the presence of heavy metals completely mediated these relationships. For ground water systems, higher values of pH (OR = 0.083, p<0.05), phosphates (OR = 0.092, p<0.05), turbidity (OR = 0.950, p<0.05) and chloride (OR = 0.860, p<0.05) were associated with lower odds of total coliform contamination. However, higher values of total suspended solids (OR = 1.054, p<0.05) and nitrates (OR = 1.069, p<0.05) implied contamination of total coliform in ground water sources. The relationship between nitrates and total coliform were mediated by the heavy metals. This study establishes the need to monitor, manage and remediate surface and ground water sources for potential disease causing microbes in ways that takes into consideration the factors that create different conditions in the two water systems. This study validates the usefulness of statistical models as tools for preventing surface and ground water contamination.

中文翻译:

地表水和地下水系统中大肠菌群与水地球化学之间关系的比较评估。

污染指示菌(总大肠菌群和粪便大肠菌群)的出现已被用作评估饮用水质量的卫生参数。众所周知,这些指标与引起公众健康极大关注的致病生物有关。本研究使用逻辑回归模型评估了 Tarkwa 矿区地表和地下水系统中大肠菌群与水地球化学之间的关系。在地表水源中,氯化物 (OR = 0.891, p<005)、磷酸盐 (OR = 0.452, p<0.05)、pH (OR = 0.174, p<0.05) 和锌 (OR = 0.001, p<0.05) 的值较高) 与粪便大肠菌污染的几率较低有关。在地下水源中,较高的磷酸盐值 (OR = 0.043, p<0.001)、总溶解固体 (OR = 0.858, p<0.05)、浊度 (OR = 0.996, p<0. 05) 和镍 (OR = 6.09E-07, p<0.05) 表明没有被粪便大肠菌污染。然而,较高的电导率值 (OR = 1.097, p<0.05)、硝酸盐 (OR = 1.191, p<0.05) 和总悬浮固体 (OR = 1.023, p<0.05) 与粪便大肠菌群污染的几率较高有关。地下水源。在这种情况下,硝酸盐和总悬浮固体完全由重金属介导。对于地表水系统中的总大肠菌群,较高的镁值(OR = 1.070,p<0.05)与较高的总大肠菌污染几率相关,而较高的磷酸盐值(OR = 0.968,p<0.05)与较低的大肠菌群污染几率相关尽管重金属的存在完全介导了这些关系,但总大肠菌污染。对于地下水系统,较高的 pH 值(OR = 0.083,p<0。05)、磷酸盐 (OR = 0.092, p<0.05)、浊度 (OR = 0.950, p<0.05) 和氯化物 (OR = 0.860, p<0.05) 与总大肠菌污染的几率较低有关。然而,总悬浮固体 (OR = 1.054, p<0.05) 和硝酸盐 (OR = 1.069, p<0.05) 的较高值意味着地下水源中的总大肠菌群受到污染。硝酸盐与总大肠菌群之间的关系是由重金属介导的。这项研究确定了监测、管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在致病微生物的必要性,其方式考虑到在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。浊度(OR = 0.950,p<0.05)和氯化物(OR​​ = 0.860,p<0.05)与总大肠菌污染的几率较低有关。然而,总悬浮固体 (OR = 1.054, p<0.05) 和硝酸盐 (OR = 1.069, p<0.05) 的较高值意味着地下水源中的总大肠菌群受到污染。硝酸盐与总大肠菌群之间的关系是由重金属介导的。这项研究确定了监测、管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在致病微生物的必要性,其方式考虑到在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。浊度(OR = 0.950,p<0.05)和氯化物(OR​​ = 0.860,p<0.05)与总大肠菌污染的几率较低有关。然而,总悬浮固体 (OR = 1.054, p<0.05) 和硝酸盐 (OR = 1.069, p<0.05) 的较高值意味着地下水源中的总大肠菌群受到污染。硝酸盐与总大肠菌群之间的关系是由重金属介导的。这项研究确定了监测、管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在致病微生物的必要性,其方式考虑到在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。05) 与总大肠菌污染的几率较低有关。然而,总悬浮固体 (OR = 1.054, p<0.05) 和硝酸盐 (OR = 1.069, p<0.05) 的较高值意味着地下水源中的总大肠菌群受到污染。硝酸盐与总大肠菌群之间的关系是由重金属介导的。这项研究确定了监测、管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在致病微生物的必要性,其方式考虑到在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。05) 与总大肠菌污染的几率较低有关。然而,总悬浮固体 (OR = 1.054, p<0.05) 和硝酸盐 (OR = 1.069, p<0.05) 的较高值意味着地下水源中的总大肠菌群受到污染。硝酸盐与总大肠菌群之间的关系是由重金属介导的。这项研究确定了监测、管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在致病微生物的必要性,其方式考虑到在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。05) 暗示地下水源中总大肠菌群的污染。硝酸盐与总大肠菌群之间的关系是由重金属介导的。这项研究确定了监测、管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在致病微生物的必要性,其方式考虑到在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。05) 暗示地下水源中总大肠菌群的污染。硝酸盐与总大肠菌群之间的关系是由重金属介导的。这项研究确定了监测、管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在致病微生物的必要性,其方式考虑到在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。以考虑在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素的方式管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在的致病微生物。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。以考虑在两个水系统中造成不同条件的因素的方式管理和修复地表和地下水源中潜在的致病微生物。这项研究验证了统计模型作为防止地表水和地下水污染的工具的有效性。
更新日期:2021-09-21
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