The mechanics of rock masses in cold regions have attracted the attention of researchers from all over the world, and the concern here is that the mechanical properties of rock masses are inevitably weakened under freeze–thaw cycles. In this paper, first, granite samples were subjected to different freeze–thaw cycles, and then treated in four different states, such as saturated and frozen states, saturated and normal temperature states, dry and frozen states, as well as dry and normal temperature states. The impact compression test was carried out using the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) device. Results show that the impact strength of granite samples deteriorates with the increase of freeze–thaw cycles in the same state; for samples in different states, although the number of freeze–thaw cycles is equal, the degree of deterioration of the impact strength is different. For freeze–thawed granite samples in the same state, the dynamic elastic modulus decreases with the increase of freeze–thaw cycles, and its degree of decrease is different for different states. Under the same freeze–thaw cycles, the deterioration of mechanical properties of granite samples is different in four different weather states; for example, the dynamic elastic modulus from large to small is generally as follows: saturated and frozen states, saturated and normal temperature states, dry and frozen states, as well as dry and normal temperature states. Finally, the freeze–thaw influence factor is proposed to describe the damage of granite samples. All in all, it can be concluded that water and low temperature strengthen the influence of freeze–thaw cycles on the dynamic mechanical properties of granite.

寒冷地区岩体的力学特性引起了世界各国研究人员的关注，这里关注的是，在冻融循环作用下，岩体的力学性能不可避免地会减弱。本文首先对花岗岩样品进行不同的冻融循环，然后在饱和与冻结状态、饱和与常温状态、干燥与冻结状态以及干燥与常温状态四种不同状态下进行处理。状态。使用 Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) 装置进行冲击压缩试验。结果表明，在相同状态下，花岗岩试样的冲击强度随着冻融循环次数的增加而降低；对于不同状态的样品，虽然冻融循环次数相等，冲击强度的劣化程度不同。对于相同状态的冻融花岗岩样品，其动弹性模量随着冻融循环次数的增加而降低，且不同状态下其降低程度不同。在相同的冻融循环下，花岗岩样品在四种不同天气状态下力学性能的劣化程度不同；例如，动态弹性模量从大到小一般为：饱和与冻结状态、饱和与常温状态、干燥与冻结状态，以及干燥与常温状态。最后，提出用冻融影响因子来描述花岗岩样品的损伤。总而言之，