The major focus of this work is the design and optimization of the preparation conditions of binary titanium dioxide-zinc oxide (TiO₂-ZnO) composite using response surface methodology (RSM). Calcination temperature and ZnO weight percent (%) with respect to TiO₂ were chosen as the key parameters for optimizing the preparation conditions. The evaluation of photocatalytic nitrogen oxides (NO_x) removal efficiency was selected for modeling the RSM. Thirteen factorial design runs were first generated with one replicate and 5 center points in order to perform all the experiments. The experimental results on NO_x removal efficiency for the composites calcined at 747, 602, and 558°C containing 5.48%, 3.48%, and 2.1% of ZnO with respect to the weight of TiO₂, designated as MaxT(Z%), MedT(Z%) and MinT(Z%) respectively, agree well with RSM predictions. The response coefficient difference between experimental and RSM results of MaxT(Z%), MedT(Z%), and MinT(Z%) were approximately 0.019, 0.044, and 0.11, respectively. The microstructural and optical properties as well the surface composition of MaxT(Z%), MedT(Z%), and MinT(Z%) were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The results from the photodecomposition of NO_x gas under illuminated UV-light confirmed that the TiO₂-ZnO prepared with a 2.1 weight % of ZnO and calcined at 558°C witnessed the best photocatalytic activity and the reasons for the excellent performance are corroborated with XRD, XPS, and DRS results. This study provides a simple and systematic approach for the optimization and modeling of the binary composite preparation for achieving enhanced photoactivity.

这项工作的主要重点是使用响应面法（RSM）设计和优化二氧化钛-氧化锌（TiO ₂ -ZnO）复合材料的制备条件。选择煅烧温度和 ZnO 相对于 TiO _{2 的}重量百分比 (%)作为优化制备条件的关键参数。选择光催化氮氧化物 (NO _x ) 去除效率的评估来模拟 RSM。为了执行所有实验，首先生成了具有 1 个重复和 5 个中心点的 13 个因子设计运行。NO _x的实验结果在 747、602 和 558°C 下煅烧的复合材料的去除效率，其中含有 5.48%、3.48% 和 2.1% 的 ZnO（相对于 TiO ₂的重量），指定为 MaxT(Z%)、MedT(Z%) 和MinT(Z%) 分别与 RSM 预测一致。MaxT(Z%)、MedT(Z%) 和 MinT(Z%) 的实验和 RSM 结果之间的响应系数差异分别约为 0.019、0.044 和 0.11。通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、漫反射光谱 (DRS) 和 X-射线光电子能谱（XPS），分别。NO _x气体在紫外光照射下的光分解结果证实，TiO ₂用 2.1 重量％的 ZnO 制备并在 558°C 下煅烧的 -ZnO 见证了最佳的光催化活性，其优异性能的原因得到了 XRD、XPS 和 DRS 结果的证实。该研究为二元复合制剂的优化和建模提供了一种简单而系统的方法，以实现增强的光活性。