Nucleotide-binding domain-like receptors protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes are associated with neuroinflammation and multiple NLRP3 genes regulate NLRP3 expression. Our study aimed to investigate the association of NLRP3 polymorphisms with developmental delay in preschool children. We also explored whether NLRP3 modified the effects of total urinary arsenic and blood cadmium and lead to developmental delays. A total of 178 children with developmental delays and 88 healthy children were analyzed for urinary arsenic concentrations and red blood cell lead and cadmium concentrations. We examined the genotypes of fifteen common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in NLRP3 genes. We observed that levels of total urinary arsenic and blood lead were significantly associated with developmental delay. The NLRP3rs10754555 CG versus CC/GG, NLRP3rs12048215 AG versus AA/GG, and NLRP3rs12137901 TC/TT versus CC genotype showed a lower odds of developmental delay, with the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.38 (0.19–0.75), 0.52 (0.27–0.99), and 0.33 (0.12–0.90), respectively. Children with the NLRP3rs10754555 CC/GG genotype and high blood lead levels had a significant multiplicative interaction with developmental delay [OR (95% CI) = 9.74 (3.59–26.45)]. This study found evidence that suggested the joint effects of NLRP3rs10754555 CC/GG genotype and high blood lead levels on developmental delays.

核苷酸结合域样受体蛋白 3 (NLRP3) 炎症小体与神经炎症相关，多个NLRP3基因调节 NLRP3 表达。我们的研究旨在调查NLRP3多态性与学龄前儿童发育迟缓的关系。我们还探讨了NLRP3是否改变了总尿砷和血镉的影响并导致发育迟缓。共分析了 178 名发育迟缓儿童和 88 名健康儿童的尿砷浓度和红细胞铅和镉浓度。我们检查了NLRP3中十五种常见单核苷酸多态性的基因型基因。我们观察到总尿砷和血铅水平与发育迟缓显着相关。NLRP3 rs10754555 CG 与 CC/GG、NLRP3 rs12048215 AG 与 AA/GG、NLRP3 rs12137901 TC/TT 与 CC 基因型显示发育迟缓的几率较低，优势比 (OR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI) =分别为 0.38 (0.19–0.75)、0.52 (0.27–0.99) 和 0.33 (0.12–0.90)。具有NLRP3 rs10754555 CC/GG 基因型和高血铅水平的儿童与发育迟缓有显着的乘法交互作用 [OR (95% CI) = 9.74 (3.59–26.45)]。这项研究发现的证据表明NLRP3的联合作用rs10754555 CC/GG 基因型和高血铅水平对发育迟缓。