Natural killer T (NKT) cells constitute a unique subset of T lymphocytes characterized by specifically interacting with antigenic glycolipids conjugated to the CD1d receptor on antigen-presenting cells. Functionally, NKT cells are capable of performing either effector or suppressor immune responses, depending on their production of proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Effector NKT cells are subdivided into three subsets, termed NKT1, NKT2, and NKT17, based on the cytokines they produce and their similarity to the cytokine profile produced by Th1, Th2, and Th17 lymphocytes, respectively. Recently, a new subgroup of NKT cells termed NKT10 has been described, which cooperates and interacts with other immune cells to promote immunoregulatory responses. Although the tissue-specific functions of NKT cells have not been fully elucidated, their activity has been associated with the pathogenesis of different inflammatory diseases with immunopathogenic similarities to periodontitis, including osteolytic pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. In the present review, we revise and discuss the pathogenic characteristics of NKT cells in these diseases and their role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis; particularly, we analyze the potential regulatory role of the IL-10-producing NKT10 cells.

中文翻译：

---

自然杀伤 T (NKT) 细胞和牙周炎：NKT10 细胞的潜在调节作用

自然杀伤 T (NKT) 细胞构成一个独特的 T 淋巴细胞亚群，其特点是与抗原呈递细胞上的 CD1d 受体结合的抗原糖脂特异性相互作用。在功能上，NKT 细胞能够执行效应或抑制免疫反应，这取决于它们分别产生促炎或抗炎细胞因子。根据它们产生的细胞因子及其与分别由 Th1、Th2 和 Th17 淋巴细胞产生的细胞因子谱的相似性，效应 NKT 细胞被细分为三个亚群，称为 NKT1、NKT2 和 NKT17。最近，已经描述了一种称为 NKT10 的新 NKT 细胞亚群，它与其他免疫细胞合作并相互作用以促进免疫调节反应。尽管 NKT 细胞的组织特异性功能尚未完全阐明，但它们的活性与与牙周炎具有免疫致病性相似性的不同炎症性疾病的发病机制有关，包括类风湿性关节炎和骨质疏松症等溶骨性疾病。在本综述中，我们修改并讨论了 NKT 细胞在这些疾病中的致病特征及其在牙周炎发病机制中的作用；特别是，我们分析了产生 IL-10 的 NKT10 细胞的潜在调节作用。我们修改和讨论了NKT细胞在这些疾病中的致病特征及其在牙周炎发病机制中的作用；特别是，我们分析了产生 IL-10 的 NKT10 细胞的潜在调节作用。我们修改和讨论了NKT细胞在这些疾病中的致病特征及其在牙周炎发病机制中的作用；特别是，我们分析了产生 IL-10 的 NKT10 细胞的潜在调节作用。