Sawdust is a waste material, which is generally produced during making furniture and other necessary wood products. With a view to utilizing this waste material, a biosorbent was prepared from mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) sawdust through simple chemical treatment and was used to remove nickel ion (Ni²⁺) from an aqueous solution. The adsorbent material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The effects of biosorbent dosage (2∼18 g/L), pH of the tested solution (4∼10.5), contact time (up to 360 min), and temperature (298∼318 K) were studied in batchwise experiments. The maximum adsorption capacity of the treated sawdust was determined to be 13.42 mg/g at an optimum condition (sorbent dose of 15 g/L, pH of 9, and temperature of 298 K). The experimental data extrapolation revealed that the adsorption process fitted the Langmuir isotherm model and the kinetics was a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The obtained thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption reaction was spontaneous, endothermic, and random in nature. The study revealed that sawdust biosorbent has potential adsorption efficiency for nickel ion removal from an aqueous solution.

中文翻译：

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使用化学处理的桃花心木锯末作为生物吸附剂从水溶液中去除镍

木屑是一种废料，通常在制造家具和其他必要的木制品时产生。为了利用这种废料，以桃花心木（Swietenia macrophylla）锯末为原料，通过简单的化学处理制备了一种生物吸附剂，用于去除镍离子（Ni ²⁺) 来自水溶液。通过傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和能量色散 X 射线 (EDX) 分析对吸附材料进行表征。在分批实验中研究了生物吸附剂用量（2～18 g/L）、测试溶液的pH值（4～10.5）、接触时间（最长360 min）和温度（298～318 K）的影响。在最佳条件下（吸附剂剂量为 15 g/L，pH 为 9，温度为 298 K），经处理的木屑的最大吸附容量确定为 13.42 mg/g。实验数据外推表明吸附过程符合Langmuir等温线模型，动力学为拟二级动力学模型。获得的热力学参数表明吸附反应是自发、吸热和随机的。