It is important to those managing Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in captive settings to understand predictors of wounding. While studies have demonstrated that season (breeding or nonbreeding) and sex predict rates of wounding received by zoo-housed Japanese macaques, we investigated whether individual differences in personality ratings also might explain some of the observed interindividual variance in wounding. Such patterns were previously observed in rhesus macaques (M. mulatta), such that individuals rated higher on Anxiety and Confidence received greater wounding. Here, we collected wounding data over 24 months on 48 Japanese macaques from eight AZA-accredited zoos. Each macaque was also rated by keepers using a 26-item personality questionnaire. Principle components analysis of these ratings revealed four personality components: Openness, Friendliness, Dominance, and Anxiety/Reactivity. The model with the best fit revealed an interaction effect between season (breeding vs. nonbreeding) and the personality component Friendliness, such that individuals rated higher on Friendliness incurred fewer wounds in the nonbreeding season. The second-best model revealed both a main effect of the season as well as an interaction effect between season and Openness, such that macaques rated higher in Openness received more wounds in the nonbreeding season than those rated lower in Openness. Thus, as with rhesus macaques, personality mediated wounding receipt rate in Japanese macaques, although different personality components explained interindividual variance in wounding for these two species. These differences likely reflect species differences in behavior and personality structure, as well as the influence of differing management practices, highlighting the importance of species-specific approaches for captive primate care and welfare. This study provides further support for understanding primate personality to create individualized strategies for their care.

中文翻译：

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动物园饲养的日本猕猴 (Macaca fuscata) 的性格、季节和受伤收据之间的关系：一项多机构研究

对于那些在圈养环境中管理日本猕猴 ( Macaca fuscata ) 的人来说，了解受伤的预测因素非常重要。虽然研究表明季节（繁殖或非繁殖）和性别可以预测动物园饲养的日本猕猴受到的伤害率，但我们调查了人格评级的个体差异是否也可以解释观察到的一些个体间的伤害差异。以前在恒河猴（M. mulatta)，因此在焦虑和自信方面评分较高的个人受到的伤害更大。在这里，我们从 8 个 AZA 认证的动物园收集了 24 个月内 48 只日本猕猴的受伤数据。饲养员还使用 26 项性格问卷对每只猕猴进行评分。这些评级的主成分分析揭示了四个人格成分：开放性、友好性、支配性和焦虑/反应性。具有最佳拟合的模型揭示了季节（繁殖与非繁殖）与人格成分友善度之间的相互作用效应，因此在友善度上评分较高的个体在非繁殖季节受到的伤害较少。第二好的模型揭示了季节的主效应以及季节和开放性之间的交互效应，因此，开放性评分较高的猕猴在非繁殖季节比开放性评分较低的猕猴受到的伤口更多。因此，与恒河猴一样，在日本猕猴中，个性介导了受伤的接受率，尽管不同的个性成分解释了这两个物种受伤的个体间差异。这些差异可能反映了物种在行为和人格结构上的差异，以及不同管理实践的影响，突出了针对圈养灵长类动物护理和福利的物种特异性方法的重要性。这项研究为了解灵长类动物的个性以制定个性化的护理策略提供了进一步的支持。人格介导的日本猕猴受伤率，尽管不同的人格成分解释了这两个物种受伤的个体间差异。这些差异可能反映了物种在行为和人格结构上的差异，以及不同管理实践的影响，突出了针对圈养灵长类动物护理和福利的物种特异性方法的重要性。这项研究为了解灵长类动物的个性以制定个性化的护理策略提供了进一步的支持。人格介导的日本猕猴受伤率，尽管不同的人格成分解释了这两个物种受伤的个体间差异。这些差异可能反映了物种在行为和人格结构上的差异，以及不同管理实践的影响，突出了针对圈养灵长类动物护理和福利的物种特异性方法的重要性。这项研究为了解灵长类动物的个性以制定个性化的护理策略提供了进一步的支持。强调特定物种方法对圈养灵长类动物护理和福利的重要性。这项研究为了解灵长类动物的个性以制定个性化的护理策略提供了进一步的支持。强调特定物种方法对圈养灵长类动物护理和福利的重要性。这项研究为了解灵长类动物的个性以制定个性化的护理策略提供了进一步的支持。