The neural tube is an important model system of morphogenesis representing the developmental module of out-of-plane epithelial deformation. As the embryonic precursor of the central nervous system, the neural tube also holds keys to many defects and diseases. Recent advances begin to reveal how genetic, cellular and environmental mechanisms work in concert to ensure correct neural tube shape. A physical model is emerging where these factors converge at the regulation of the mechanical forces and properties within and around the tissue that drive tube formation towards completion. Here we review the dynamics and mechanics of neural tube morphogenesis and discuss the underlying cellular behaviours from the viewpoint of tissue mechanics. We will also highlight some of the conceptual and technical next steps.

神经管是形态发生的重要模型系统，代表了平面外上皮变形的发育模块。作为中枢神经系统的胚胎前体，神经管也掌握着许多缺陷和疾病的关键。最近的进展开始揭示遗传、细胞和环境机制如何协同工作以确保正确的神经管形状。一种物理模型正在出现，其中这些因素汇聚在组织内部和周围的机械力和特性的调节上，这些机械力和特性推动管形成朝着完成方向发展。在这里，我们回顾了神经管形态发生的动力学和力学，并从组织力学的角度讨论了潜在的细胞行为。我们还将重点介绍一些概念性和技术性的后续步骤。