Lithium–oxygen (Li–O₂) batteries have received much attention in recent years due to their ultrahigh theoretical specific energy that could transform current energy storage, should a practical device be realized. At the fundamental level, substantial progress in the understanding of the reactions and processes occurring in Li–O₂ batteries has been made; however, significant disputes still remain for the operational mechanisms. Herein, we demarcate the scope of this review to the lithium-mediated oxygen reactions at the Au|DMSO interface. As regards this model electrochemical interface, we first summarize the current understandings of the oxygen reaction mechanisms and the dynamic reaction interfaces, and then, we offer our perspectives on the remaining issues and puzzles, including how the oxygen reaction mechanisms and their associated interfaces are influenced by the electrode surface conditions, the electrolyte compositions, the sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution of characterization methods, and the operating conditions of the Li–O₂ batteries.

中文翻译：

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了解 Au|DMSO 界面上锂介导的氧反应：我们在那里吗？

锂氧（Li-O ₂）电池由于具有超高的理论比能量，可以改变当前的能量存储，因此近年来受到了广泛关注，如果实现实用设备。在基本层面上，对 Li-O _{2 中}发生的反应和过程的理解取得了实质性进展电池已制成；然而，在运作机制方面仍然存在重大争议。在此，我们将本次审查的范围划分为 Au|DMSO 界面处的锂介导的氧反应。关于这个模型电化学界面，我们首先总结了目前对氧反应机制和动态反应界面的理解，然后我们就剩余的问题和难题提出了我们的观点，包括氧反应机制及其相关界面是如何受到影响的受电极表面条件、电解质组成、表征方法的灵敏度和时空分辨率以及 Li-O ₂电池的操作条件的影响。