Gelatin nanoparticles found numerous applications in drug delivery, bioimaging, immunotherapy, and vaccine development as well as in biotechnology and food science. Synthesis of gelatin nanoparticles is usually made by a two-step desolvation method, which, despite providing stable and homogeneous nanoparticles, has many limitations, namely complex procedure, low yields, and poor reproducibility of the first desolvation step. Herein, we present a modified one-step desolvation method, which enables the quick, simple, and reproducible synthesis of gelatin nanoparticles. Using the proposed method one can prepare gelatin nanoparticles from any type of gelatin with any bloom number, even with the lowest ones, which remains unattainable for the traditional two-step technique. The method relies on quick one-time addition of poor solvent (preferably isopropyl alcohol) to gelatin solution in the absence of stirring. We applied the modified desolvation method to synthesize nanoparticles from porcine, bovine, and fish gelatin with bloom values from 62 to 225 on the hundreds-of-milligram scale. Synthesized nanoparticles had average diameters between 130 and 190 nm and narrow size distribution. Yields of synthesis were 62–82% and can be further increased. Gelatin nanoparticles have good colloidal stability and withstand autoclaving. Moreover, they were non-toxic to human immune cells.

中文翻译：

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改进的去溶剂化方法能够从具有任何布卢姆值的不同明胶类型中简单一步合成明胶纳米颗粒


明胶纳米颗粒在药物输送、生物成像、免疫治疗、疫苗开发以及生物技术和食品科学领域有着广泛的应用。明胶纳米颗粒的合成通常采用两步去溶剂化方法，尽管可以提供稳定且均质的纳米颗粒，但存在许多局限性，即第一步去溶剂化步骤复杂、产率低、重现性差。在此，我们提出了一种改进的一步去溶剂化方法，该方法能够快速、简单且可重复地合成明胶纳米粒子。使用所提出的方法，可以从任何类型的明胶、任何布卢姆数（甚至是最低的布卢姆数）制备明胶纳米粒子，这对于传统的两步技术来说仍然是无法实现的。该方法依赖于在不搅拌的情况下将不良溶剂（优选异丙醇）快速一次性添加到明胶溶液中。我们应用改进的去溶剂化方法从猪、牛和鱼明胶中合成了纳米粒子，其布卢姆值在数百毫克范围内为 62 至 225。合成的纳米颗粒平均直径在 130 至 190 nm 之间，尺寸分布窄。合成收率为 62-82%，并且可以进一步提高。明胶纳米颗粒具有良好的胶体稳定性并能承受高压灭菌。此外，它们对人体免疫细胞无毒。