ABSTRACT

A relevant percentage of the world population lives in constructions made of sun-dried earth, which are built according to several techniques such as rammed earth, bahareque or adobe. This work specifically focuses on the adobe buildings located in the Historic Centre of Cuenca (Ecuador), recognized as a World Heritage Site since 1999. Although these buildings are characterized by different geometrical and material configurations, all of them have load-bearing façade walls made of adobe. This paper illustrates an analysis of the seismic vulnerability of these adobe façade walls according to different geometrical configurations and considering an out-of-plane loading. This study is based on original in-situ collected data about 45 one and multi-storey buildings. The seismic behaviour of the case studies is investigated through a demand versus capacity analysis based on 5 different failure mechanisms and considering a variable intensity of the seismic action. This procedure has allowed to classify the case studies according to their seismic vulnerability and to identify the most relevant failure mechanisms in such adobe façades. As a main result, some continued fragility curves have been produced to allow replicating this procedure to buildings with similar features. Finally, a repair cost estimation after seismic scenarios is estimated.

摘要

世界上相当一部分人口居住在由晒干的泥土建造的建筑中，这些建筑是根据多种技术建造的，例如夯土、bahareque 或土坯。这项工作特别关注位于昆卡（厄瓜多尔）历史中心的土坯建筑，自 1999 年以来被认定为世界遗产。尽管这些建筑的特点是具有不同的几何和材料配置，但它们都具有承重立面墙的土坯。本文阐述了根据不同的几何配置并考虑面外载荷对这些土坯立面墙的地震脆弱性的分析。本研究基于 45 栋单层和多层建筑的原始现场收集数据。通过基于 5 种不同故障机制并考虑地震作用的可变强度的需求与容量分析，研究案例研究的地震行为。该程序允许根据地震脆弱性对案例研究进行分类，并确定此类土坯外墙中最相关的失效机制。作为主要结果，已经生成了一些连续的脆弱性曲线，以允许将此过程复制到具有相似特征的建筑物。最后，估算地震场景后的维修成本估算。该程序允许根据地震脆弱性对案例研究进行分类，并确定此类土坯外墙中最相关的失效机制。作为主要结果，已经生成了一些连续的脆弱性曲线，以允许将此过程复制到具有相似特征的建筑物。最后，估算地震场景后的维修成本估算。该程序允许根据地震脆弱性对案例研究进行分类，并确定此类土坯外墙中最相关的失效机制。作为主要结果，已经生成了一些连续的脆弱性曲线，以允许将此过程复制到具有相似特征的建筑物。最后，估算地震场景后的维修成本估算。