Self-lubricating composites are required to have excellent tribological performances and good mechanical properties when they are applied as mechanic parts. However, the brittle nature of most lubricants will weaken the mechanical properties of the composites where in order to get the lubricating ability proper amount of lubricants are usually incorporated, bringing challenges for them to get well-balanced mechanical and tribological properties. In this study, NiCr matrix self-lubricating composites with the addition of WS₂ and nano-Ti were prepared via spark plasma sintering. The hard phase of Ni₃Ti and the lubricant TiS were formed via in-situ reaction at the interface, which surrounded the soft alloy matrix and developed a heterostructure. Compared with the conventional NiCr-WS₂ composite, the heterostructured composite exhibited a high yield strength of 1645 MPa, a low friction coefficient of 0.37 and a wear rate of as low as 2.25 × 10⁻⁵ mm³ N ^− 1 m ^− 1 when sliding. Finite element analysis demonstrated that the heterostructure plays a key role to balance well the mechanical and tribological properties of the NiCr matrix composites.

自润滑复合材料作为机械零件应用时，要求具有优良的摩擦学性能和良好的机械性能。然而，大多数润滑剂的脆性会削弱复合材料的机械性能，为了获得润滑能力，通常会加入适量的润滑剂，这给它们获得平衡的机械和摩擦学性能带来了挑战。在本研究中，通过放电等离子烧结制备了添加 WS ₂和纳米钛的NiCr 基自润滑复合材料。Ni ₃ Ti的硬质相和润滑剂 TiS 通过界面处的原位反应形成，围绕软合金基体并形成异质结构。与传统的 NiCr-WS 相比₂复合材料，异质结构复合材料表现出 1645 MPa 的高屈服强度，0.37 的低摩擦系数和滑动时低至 2.25 × 10 ^-5  mm ³ N  ^{-  1} m  ^{-  1}的磨损率。有限元分析表明，异质结构在平衡 NiCr 基复合材料的机械和摩擦学性能方面起着关键作用。