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A Perspective on Strategic Enrichment for Brain Development: Is This the Key to Animal Happiness?
Frontiers in Veterinary Science ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-21 , DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.720422
Dana L M Campbell 1 , Caroline Lee 1
Affiliation  

Livestock animals are sentient beings with cognitive and emotional capacities and their brain development, similar to humans and other animal species, is affected by their surrounding environmental conditions. Current intensive production systems, through the restrictions of safely managing large numbers of animals, may not facilitate optimal neurological development which can contribute to negative affective states, abnormal behaviors, and reduce experiences of positive welfare states. Enrichment provision is likely necessary to enable animals to reach toward their neurological potential, optimizing their cognitive capacity and emotional intelligence, improving their ability to cope with stressors as well as experience positive affect. However, greater understanding of the neurological impacts of specific types of enrichment strategies is needed to ensure enrichment programs are effectively improving the individual's welfare. Enrichment programs during animal development that target key neurological pathways that may be most utilized by the individual within specific types of housing or management situations is proposed to result in the greatest positive impacts on animal welfare. Research within livestock animals is needed in this regard to ensure future deployment of enrichment for livestock animals is widespread and effective in enhancing their neurological capacities.



中文翻译:

大脑发育战略丰富的视角:这是动物幸福的关键吗?

家畜是具有认知和情感能力的有情生物,与人类和其他动物物种类似,它们的大脑发育受到周围环境条件的影响。当前的集约化生产系统,由于安全管理大量动物的限制,可能无法促进神经系统的最佳发育,从而导致消极的情感状态、异常行为,并减少积极福利状态的体验。为了使动物发挥其神经潜能、优化其认知能力和情商、提高其应对压力源以及体验积极情感的能力,丰富的供给可能是必要的。然而,需要更好地了解特定类型的丰富策略的神经影响,以确保丰富计划有效地改善个人的福利。动物发育过程中的强化计划针对的是个体在特定类型的饲养或管理情况下最常利用的关键神经通路,建议对动物福利产生最大的积极影响。在这方面需要对家畜动物进行研究,以确保未来对家畜动物的富集部署广泛且有效地增强其神经能力。

更新日期:2021-09-21
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