Responses of subnational government units are crucial in the containment of the spread of pathogens in a country. To mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Philippine national government through its Inter-Agency Task Force on Emerging Infectious Diseases outlined different quarantine measures wherein each level has a corresponding degree of rigidity from keeping only the essential businesses open to allowing all establishments to operate at a certain capacity. Other measures also involve prohibiting individuals at a certain age bracket from going outside of their homes. The local government units (LGUs)–municipalities and provinces–can adopt any of these measures depending on the extent of the pandemic in their locality. The purpose is to keep the number of infections and mortality at bay while minimizing the economic impact of the pandemic. Some LGUs have demonstrated a remarkable response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to identify notable non-pharmaceutical interventions of these outlying LGUs in the country using quantitative methods. Data were taken from public databases such as Philippine Department of Health, Philippine Statistics Authority Census, and Google Community Mobility Reports. These are normalized using Z-transform. For each locality, infection and mortality data (dataset Y) were compared to the economic, health, and demographic data (dataset X) using Euclidean metric d=(x−y)2, where x∈X and y∈Y. If a data pair (x,y) exceeds, by two standard deviations, the mean of the Euclidean metric values between the sets X and Y, the pair is assumed to be a ‘good’ outlier. Our results showed that cluster of cities and provinces in Central Luzon (Region III), CALABARZON (Region IV-A), the National Capital Region (NCR), and Central Visayas (Region VII) are the ‘good’ outliers with respect to factors such as working population, population density, ICU beds, doctors on quarantine, number of frontliners and gross regional domestic product. Among metropolitan cities, Davao was a ‘good’ outlier with respect to demographic factors. Strict border control, early implementation of lockdowns, establishment of quarantine facilities, effective communication to the public, and monitoring efforts were the defining factors that helped these LGUs curtail the harm that was brought by the pandemic. If these policies are to be standardized, it would help any country’s preparedness for future health emergencies.

中文翻译：

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菲律宾地方政府对 COVID-19 管理的回应

地方政府单位的反应对于遏制病原体在一个国家的传播至关重要。为了减轻 COVID-19 大流行的影响，菲律宾国家政府通过其新兴传染病机构间工作队概述了不同的检疫措施，其中每个级别都有相应程度的严格程度，从仅保持基本业务开放到允许所有机构开放以一定的容量运行。其他措施还包括禁止特定年龄段的人出门。地方政府单位 (LGU)——直辖市和省——可以根据当地大流行的程度采取任何这些措施。目的是控制感染人数和死亡率，同时最大程度地减少大流行的经济影响。一些地方政府部门对 COVID-19 大流行表现出显着的反应。本研究的目的是使用定量方法确定该国这些边远地方政府部门的显着非药物干预措施。数据来自公共数据库，例如菲律宾卫生部、菲律宾统计局人口普查和谷歌社区流动报告。这些使用 Z 变换进行归一化。对于每个地点，使用欧几里德度量 d=(x−y)2，其中 x∈X 和 y∈Y，将感染和死亡率数据（数据集 Y）与经济、健康和人口统计数据（数据集 X）进行比较。如果数据对 (x,y) 超过两个标准偏差，则集合 X 和 Y 之间的欧几里得度量值的平均值，这对被认为是一个“好”的异常值。我们的结果表明，吕宋岛中部（III 区）、CALABARZON（IV-A 区）、国家首都区 (NCR) 和中米沙鄢（VII 区）的城市和省份集群是有关因素的“良好”异常值例如工作人口、人口密度、ICU床位、隔离医生、前线人员数量和地区国内生产总值。在大都市中，达沃在人口因素方面是一个“好的”异常值。严格的边境控制、早日实施封锁、建立隔离设施、与公众的有效沟通和监测工作是帮助这些地方政府部门减少大流行带来的危害的决定性因素。如果这些政策要标准化，