Poor adherence to promoting health behaviours is a significant challenge for prevention and management of infectious respiratory diseases. Non-pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) remain a proven behavioural practice for reducing the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) currently ravaging the world. Studies on Covid-19 have primarily focused on epidemiology, virology, and potential drug treatments to the neglect of behavioural practice of low-income settings. This study examines the extent health belief model predicts the behavior of 405 urban poor residents of Ogun State, which recorded the first index case in Nigeria, towards adoption Covid-19 NPIs. A cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the relationship between study participant characteristics, HBM constructs and unhealthy behavior. Study constructs were assessed on a four point Likert scale and were mean aggregated such that higher scores indicated stronger feelings about a construct. Findings shows that urban poor in the age group 30–40 years were more likely to feel susceptible to contracting Covid-19 (mean score: 2.59 and std. dev. 0.54), they also had a higher perception of the benefit of Covid-19 preventive behaviours than participants in other age groups (mean score: 2.95 and std. dev. 0.71). Also, the most prevalent unhealthy behaviour amongst urban poor residents was the indiscriminate use of facemasks as shown by almost half (47.6%) of participants who agreed that they use facemasks all the time even when alone. The study concludes that though urban poor residents feel threatened by Covid-19, nexus of factors such as low financial earnings, inadequate knowledge, and limited access to basic medical needs hamper the effective adoption of NPIs.

中文翻译：

---

尼日利亚城市贫困人口针对 COVID-19 的健康信念模型和行为实践


未能坚持促进健康行为是预防和管理传染性呼吸道疾病的重大挑战。非药物干预 (NPI) 仍然是一种行之有效的行为实践，可减少目前肆虐全球的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的传播。对 Covid-19 的研究主要集中在流行病学、病毒学和潜在的药物治疗上，而忽视了低收入环境的行为实践。本研究检验了健康信念模型对奥贡州 405 名城市贫困居民采用 Covid-19 NPI 行为的预测程度，该州记录了尼日利亚首例指示病例。进行了一项横断面研究，以找出研究参与者特征、HBM 结构和不健康行为之间的关系。研究结构采用四点李克特量表进行评估，并进行平均汇总，分数越高表明对结构的感受越强烈。调查结果显示，30-40 岁年龄段的城市贫民更容易感染 Covid-19（平均分：2.59，标准差 0.54），他们对 Covid-19 的益处也有更高的认知预防行为​​高于其他年龄组的参与者（平均分：2.95，标准差 0.71）。此外，城市贫困居民中最普遍的不健康行为是不加区别地使用口罩，近一半（47.6%）的参与者表示，即使独自一人时，他们也一直使用口罩。该研究的结论是，尽管城市贫困居民感到受到 Covid-19 的威胁，但经济收入低、知识不足以及基本医疗需求有限等因素阻碍了 NPI 的有效采用。