A method for simultaneous formation of mono- (Co, Ru) or bimetallic (Co-Ru) nanoparticles and a highly porous carbon support is proposed. The obtained IR-PAN-Co, IR-PAN-Ru and IR-PAN-Co-Ru samples based on pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile are characterized by a specific surface area within the range of 1683–2174 m² g^-1, which strongly depends on the nature of the metal used. It has been shown that the presence of cobalt leads to the graphitization of amorphous carbon and the formation of carbon shells around the mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles. The average size of metallic nanoparticles for all three samples ranged within 12–20 nm. The comparison of the samples revealed a dramatic advantage of the bimetallic catalyst in the ethanol steam reforming (ESR). The IR-PAN-Co-Ru sample has shown the highest hydrogen yield, which was 5.6 moles per mole of EtOH at 550 °C. To evaluate the stability of the catalysts, the catalytic test was carried out for 17 h after which no deactivation of the catalysts was observed. The spent catalysts were characterized by the same techniques as the as-prepared ones. It was found that there are no significant changes in the structure of the catalysts after the ESR reaction. The presence of filamentous carbon in the spent cobalt-based catalysts has been observed, which does not lead to deactivation in the time period studied.

提出了一种同时形成单（Co，Ru）或双金属（Co-Ru）纳米颗粒和高度多孔碳载体的方法。获得的基于热解聚丙烯腈的 IR-PAN-Co、IR-PAN-Ru 和 IR-PAN-Co-Ru 样品的特征在于比表面积在 1683–2174 m ² g ^-1范围内，这在很大程度上取决于所用金属的性质。已经表明，钴的存在导致无定形碳的石墨化以及在单金属和双金属纳米粒子周围形成碳壳。所有三个样品的金属纳米颗粒的平均尺寸在 12-20 nm 范围内。样品的比较揭示了双金属催化剂在乙醇蒸汽重整 (ESR) 中的显着优势。IR-PAN-Co-Ru 样品显示出最高的氢气产率，在 550 °C 下为每摩尔 EtOH 5.6 摩尔。为了评估催化剂的稳定性，进行了 17 小时的催化试验，之后没有观察到催化剂失活。用过的催化剂通过与制备的催化剂相同的技术进行表征。发现ESR反应后催化剂的结构没有显着变化。已经观察到在废钴基催化剂中存在丝状碳，这在研究的时间段内不会导致失活。