Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a new class of solvents that can offset some of the primary drawbacks of typical solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). Since DESs fall into the guidelines of “Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry”, their implementation in several types of applications has exponentially increased over the last years. The usage of DESs has been directed to the designing, manufacture and purification of new materials and feedstocks. Very recently, great attention has been paid to new pioneering attempts aiming at DESs into the field of chemical engineering, including membrane science and technology. Even if just a few works have been currently reported in applying DESs in membranes, the consideration on this new type of solvents is continuously growing. This review compares and discusses the documented discoveries and breakthroughs carried out in applying DESs in membrane science. The scope of this review is emphasized in various scopes: i) new sustainable membrane preparation, ii) membrane-based technologies aided by DESs, iii) target molecules-DES interactions and iv) new membrane-DES structures providing enhanced physicochemical properties and thus separation performance. Here, besides the relevant insights in the field, we give the key hypotheses and strategies used by the scientists to reach a successful merging of both areas since the use of DESs in membranes is still challenging due to the compatibility issues of the DESs and membrane phase (either polymer and inorganic). The future directions and perspectives on using DESs in membranes are also given.

深共熔溶剂 (DES) 是一类新型溶剂，可以弥补典型溶剂和离子液体 (IL) 的一些主要缺点。由于 DES 属于“绿色化学十二条原则”的指导方针，它们在几种类型的应用中的实施在过去几年中呈指数增长。DES 的使用已经针对新材料和原料的设计、制造和纯化。最近，针对 DES 进入化学工程领域（包括膜科学和技术）的新的开创性尝试受到了极大的关注。即使目前在膜中应用 DES 的报道很少，但对这种新型溶剂的考虑也在不断增加。这篇综述比较和讨论了在膜科学中应用 DES 的记录发现和突破。本综述的范围在多个范围内得到强调：i) 新的可持续膜制备，ii) DES 辅助的基于膜的技术，iii) 目标分子-DES 相互作用和 iv) 新的膜-DES 结构提供增强的物理化学性质，从而分离表现。在这里，除了该领域的相关见解外，我们还提供了科学家用来成功合并这两个领域的关键假设和策略，因为由于 DES 和膜相的兼容性问题，在膜中使用 DES 仍然具有挑战性（聚合物和无机物）。还给出了在膜中使用 DES 的未来方向和前景。