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The Random Feature Model for Input-Output Maps between Banach Spaces
SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-20 , DOI: 10.1137/20m133957x
Nicholas H. Nelsen , Andrew M. Stuart

SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, Volume 43, Issue 5, Page A3212-A3243, January 2021.
Well known to the machine learning community, the random feature model is a parametric approximation to kernel interpolation or regression methods. It is typically used to approximate functions mapping a finite-dimensional input space to the real line. In this paper, we instead propose a methodology for use of the random feature model as a data-driven surrogate for operators that map an input Banach space to an output Banach space. Although the methodology is quite general, we consider operators defined by partial differential equations (PDEs); here, the inputs and outputs are themselves functions, with the input parameters being functions required to specify the problem, such as initial data or coefficients, and the outputs being solutions of the problem. Upon discretization, the model inherits several desirable attributes from this infinite-dimensional viewpoint, including mesh-invariant approximation error with respect to the true PDE solution map and the capability to be trained at one mesh resolution and then deployed at different mesh resolutions. We view the random feature model as a nonintrusive data-driven emulator, provide a mathematical framework for its interpretation, and demonstrate its ability to efficiently and accurately approximate the nonlinear parameter-to-solution maps of two prototypical PDEs arising in physical science and engineering applications: the viscous Burgers' equation and a variable coefficient elliptic equation.


中文翻译:

Banach空间之间输入-输出映射的随机特征模型

SIAM 科学计算杂志,第 43 卷,第 5 期,第 A3212-A3243 页,2021 年 1 月。
机器学习社区众所周知,随机特征模型是核插值或回归方法的参数近似。它通常用于逼近将有限维输入空间映射到实线的函数。在本文中,我们提出了一种使用随机特征模型作为将输入 Banach 空间映射到输出 Banach 空间的算子的数据驱动代理的方法。尽管该方法非常通用,但我们考虑了由偏微分方程 (PDE) 定义的算子;在这里,输入和输出本身就是函数,输入参数是指定问题所需的函数,例如初始数据或系数,输出是问题的解。离散化后,该模型从这个无限维的角度继承了几个理想的属性,包括相对于真实 PDE 解图的网格不变近似误差,以及在一个网格分辨率下训练然后在不同网格分辨率下部署的能力。我们将随机特征模型视为非侵入式数据驱动模拟器,为其解释提供数学框架,并证明其能够高效准确地近似物理科学和工程应用中出现的两个原型 PDE 的非线性参数到解映射:粘性伯格斯方程和可变系数椭圆方程。包括相对于真实 PDE 解图的网格不变近似误差,以及在一种网格分辨率下训练然后以不同网格分辨率部署的能力。我们将随机特征模型视为非侵入式数据驱动模拟器,为其解释提供数学框架,并证明其能够有效且准确地近似物理科学和工程应用中出现的两个原型 PDE 的非线性参数到解映射:粘性伯格斯方程和可变系数椭圆方程。包括相对于真实 PDE 解图的网格不变近似误差,以及在一种网格分辨率下训练然后以不同网格分辨率部署的能力。我们将随机特征模型视为非侵入式数据驱动模拟器,为其解释提供数学框架,并证明其能够高效准确地近似物理科学和工程应用中出现的两个原型 PDE 的非线性参数到解映射:粘性伯格斯方程和可变系数椭圆方程。
更新日期:2021-09-21
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