In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) cluster-based model for the fifth generation (5G)/beyond 5G (B5G) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wideband channels. It is the first cluster-based irregular shaped geometry-based stochastic model (IS-GBSM) to distinguish the dynamic clusters and static clusters in vehicular massive MIMO communication scenarios. This model not only considers the high time-variance, the time non-stationarity, and the vehicular traffic density (VTD) of V2V channels, but also models the massive MIMO channel characteristics, such as spherical wavefronts by 3D vector calculation and space non-stationarity. Meanwhile, this model for the first time integrates the VTD into birth-death process to model the channel characteristics of V2V and massive MIMO jointly and deeply, where a novel VTD-combined time-array cluster evolution algorithm for 5G/B5G V2V massive MIMO channel model is developed. Based on the proposed model, we derive some expressions of channel statistical properties, including time-space-frequency correlation function (STF-CF) and Doppler power spectral density (DPSD). The influence of several parameters, e.g., VTDs, vehicle moving directions, and antenna spacings, on the channel characteristics are sufficiently explored, which can provide assistance for the design of vehicular massive MIMO communication systems. Finally, the utility of the proposed model is verified by the close agreement between simulation results and measurement data.

中文翻译：

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适用于 5G 及后续车对车大规模 MIMO 信道的基于 3D 集群的信道模型


在本文中，我们提出了一种基于三维（3D）集群的第五代（5G）/超5G（B5G）车对车（V2V）大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）宽带信道模型。它是第一个基于簇的不规则形状几何随机模型（IS-GBSM），用于区分车载大规模 MIMO 通信场景中的动态簇和静态簇。该模型不仅考虑了V2V信道的高时变性、时间非平稳性和车辆交通密度（VTD），而且还对大规模MIMO信道特性进行了建模，例如通过3D矢量计算的球面波前和空间非对称性。平稳性。同时，该模型首次将VTD融入生灭过程，对V2V和大规模MIMO的信道特性进行联合深度建模，提出了一种新颖的VTD结合时间阵列簇演化算法的5G/B5G V2V大规模MIMO信道模型已开发。基于所提出的模型，我们推导了一些信道统计特性的表达式，包括时空频相关函数（STF-CF）和多普勒功率谱密度（DPSD）。充分探讨了VTD、车辆移动方向、天线间距等多个参数对信道特性的影响，可为车载大规模MIMO通信系统的设计提供帮助。最后，仿真结果与测量数据之间的密切一致性验证了所提出模型的实用性。