This study investigated the concentration of radon (²²²Rn) in hot springs water. For this purpose, ²²²Rn concentration was measured using the RAD7 (Durridge Company, USA) in the water of hot springs located in Tata Pani, Gilgit (n = 4), and Garam Chashma, Chitral (n = 6), northern Pakistan. Water samples from the springs (background, n = 3) were also collected and analyzed for ²²²Rn concentration 40–50 km away from the hot springs in Gilgit and Chitral, northern Pakistan, to be used as background/reference concentration. The determined ²²²Rn in hot springs water surpassed the threshold of maximum contamination level (MCL, 11.1 Bq/L) set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) in 100% samples collected from Tata Pani, Gilgit, and Garam Chashma, Chitral sites. Soil ²²²Rn along with the hot springs exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing distance. ²²²Rn concentration in hot springs water was used to calculate the exposure doses of human health through ingestion and inhalation pathways. The total effective dose for human (E_WT) of ²²²Rn contaminated water consumption was 626 μSv/a in the Tata Pani, Gilgit and 34.7 μSv/a in the Garam Chashma, Chitral. Results revealed that hot springs water in the Tata Pani, Gilgit had surpassed the threshold limit (100 μSv/a) set by the World Health Organization (WHO). This study concluded that hot springs water should be avoided for drinking and other domestic uses.

本研究调查了温泉水中氡 ( ²²² Rn)的浓度。为此，使用 RAD7（美国杜里奇公司）在位于巴基斯坦北部吉尔吉特塔塔帕尼（n = 4）和加拉姆查什马（n = 6）的温泉水中测量了²²² Rn 浓度。还收集了泉水（背景，n = 3）的水样，并分析了距离巴基斯坦北部吉尔吉特和吉特拉尔温泉 40-50 公里处的²²² Rn 浓度，用作背景/参考浓度。确定的²²²从 Tata Pani、Gilgit 和 Garam Chashma、Chitral 站点采集的 100% 样本中，温泉水中的 Rn 超过了美国环境保护署 (US-EPA) 设定的最大污染水平阈值（MCL，11.1 Bq/L） . 土壤²²² Rn 与温泉一起呈现出随着距离的增加而减少的趋势。以温泉水中²²² Rn 浓度计算人体健康通过摄入和吸入途径的暴露剂量。人体总有效剂量 (E _WT ) ²²²Rn 受污染水消耗量在吉尔吉特的塔塔帕尼为 626 μSv/a，在吉特拉尔的 Garam Chashma 为 34.7 μSv/a。结果显示，吉尔吉特塔塔帕尼的温泉水已超过世界卫生组织 (WHO) 设定的阈值限制 (100 μSv/a)。该研究得出结论，应避免将温泉水用于饮用和其他家庭用途。