Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and its incidence is rising. The last few years have witnessed a proliferation of available systemic therapeutic options, with the approval of multiple agents, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and drugs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor, such as cabozantinib, regorafenib, and ramucirumab. Most recently, the combination of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab has resulted in the longest overall survival yet known in hepatocellular carcinoma, therefore changing the preferred first-line treatment from the previous options of sorafenib and lenvatinib. The aim of this review is to summarize the available clinical data for the current second-line systemic treatment options and the future perspectives in the treatment landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, atezolizumab, sorafenib, second-line


中文翻译：

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肝细胞癌的二线治疗选择：现状和未来方向

摘要：肝细胞癌是世界范围内死亡的主要原因，并且其发病率正在上升。过去几年，随着多种药物的批准，包括免疫检查点抑制剂和靶向血管内皮生长因子的药物，如卡博替尼、瑞戈非尼和雷莫芦单抗，可用全身治疗选择激增。最近，atezolizumab 和贝伐珠单抗的组合在肝细胞癌中实现了迄今为止已知的最长的总生存期，因此改变了先前选择的索拉非尼和乐伐替尼的首选一线治疗方法。本综述的目的是总结当前二线全身治疗方案的可用临床数据以及肝细胞癌治疗前景的未来前景。

关键词：肝细胞癌，阿特珠单抗，索拉非尼，二线