A key component in superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system design is the cooling system. A well-designed cooling apparatus allows a SMES to work with higher critical currents, have less AC losses and work in a stable way. Acknowledging the importance of cooling systems in a SMES and that there have been many different designs presented in the bibliography, we hereby analyze various thermal designs that utilize cryocoolers, and we estimate the total volume of the superconducting coils used in their experiments. This review article focuses on recent high temperature superconducting (HTS) materials, and presents the cooling methods employed to cool the coil in conjunction with other important characteristics, such as the coil geometry, the operating temperature of the magnet, the thermal insulation temperature and the cooling power of the cryocoolers. From the presented analysis, the authors propose a procedure to devise a proper cooling scheme for a SMES design. Additionally, a qualitative comparative assessment of the analyzed designs in literature, in eight assessment criteria, is presented.

中文翻译：

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中小企业基于低温冷却器的冷却系统综述


超导磁能存储（SMES）系统设计的关键组成部分是冷却系统。设计良好的冷却装置可以使SMES工作在更高的临界电流下，交流损耗更少，工作稳定。认识到冷却系统在 SMES 中的重要性，并且参考文献中提出了许多不同的设计，我们在此分析了利用低温冷却器的各种热设计，并估计了实验中使用的超导线圈的总体积。本文重点介绍了最新的高温超导（HTS）材料，并介绍了用于冷却线圈的冷却方法以及其他重要特性，例如线圈几何形状、磁体的工作温度、绝热温度和制冷机的冷却能力。根据所提出的分析，作者提出了一种为 SMES 设计设计适当冷却方案的程序。此外，还按照八个评估标准对文献中分析的设计进行了定性比较评估。