The growing field of tumor metabolism has greatly expanded our knowledge of metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Apart from their established roles, various metabolic enzymes and metabolites harbor non-canonical (“moonlighting”) functions to support malignant transformation. In this article, we intend to review the current understanding of moonlighting functions of metabolic enzymes and related metabolites broadly existing in cancer cells by dissecting each major metabolic pathway and its regulation of cellular behaviors. Understanding these non-canonical functions may broaden the horizon of the cancer metabolism field and uncover novel therapeutic vulnerabilities in cancer.

不断发展的肿瘤代谢领域极大地扩展了我们对癌症代谢重编程的认识。除了它们既定的作用外，各种代谢酶和代谢物还具有支持恶性转化的非规范（“moonlighting”）功能。在本文中，我们打算通过剖析每个主要代谢途径及其对细胞行为的调节，来回顾目前对广泛存在于癌细胞中的代谢酶和相关代谢物的临时功能的理解。了解这些非规范功能可能会拓宽癌症代谢领域的视野，并揭示癌症的新治疗弱点。