A bio-based superhydrophobic durable cotton fabric was manufactured by using a method of ultrasonic-assisted in situ growth. The hierarchical structure of cotton fibers was generated by the deposition of the hydrophobic composite nanoparticles, which derived from the hydrolysis and co-condensation of cardanol-based benzoxazine (C-aps) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). The obtained superhydrophobic surface had a water contact angle of 158.5 ± 0.2° with special wettability. The mechanical and environmental stability of the superhydrophobic cotton fabrics were assessed through sandpaper abrasion, ultrasound treatment, high temperature tests, acid/alkaline liquids, solution immersion, and water drop experiment. Additionally, the modified cotton fabrics could separate oil-water mixtures with excellent separation efficiency (> 99.0%), high flux (as high as 6748.2 ± 237.4 L m⁻² h⁻¹), and stable reusability. The study demonstrates that the bio-based superhydrophobic cotton fabric has practical applications in the management of industrial wastewater and oil contaminants.

通过使用超声波辅助原位生长的方法制造了一种基于生物的超疏水耐用棉织物。棉纤维的分级结构是由疏水性复合纳米粒子的沉积产生的，其来源于腰果酚基苯并恶嗪（C-aps）和原硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）的水解和共缩合。所得超疏水表面的水接触角为158.5±0.2°，具有特殊的润湿性。超疏水棉织物的机械和环境稳定性通过砂纸磨损、超声处理、高温试验、酸/碱液体、溶液浸泡和水滴实验进行评估。此外，改性棉织物能够以优异的分离效率（> 99.0%）分离油水混合物，^-2 h ^-1 )，和稳定的可重用性。该研究表明，生物基超疏水棉织物在工业废水和油污染物的管理中具有实际应用。