The youngest (last 1500 years) volcanic eruptions of Lipari, within the Aeolian Archipelago, produced the prominent pumice cone of Monte Pilato and the obsidian lava flows of Rocche Rosse and Forgia Vecchia, concentrated in the north-eastern sector of the island as well as highly dispersed white-coloured, fine-grained tephra layers of rhyolitic composition in terrestrial and marine settings on the regional scale. Here we describe in detail the stratigraphy of pyroclastic successions and lava flows erupted by different vents - Monte Pilato, Forgia Vecchia, Lami, and Rocche Rosse - combining field observations, sedimentological characteristics of the tephra deposits, and major and trace element compositions of the volcanic glass. All the pyroclastic materials consist of aphyric pumice lapilli and ash with a largely homogeneous rhyolitic composition. The Monte Pilato and Forgia Vecchia deposits primarily consist of highly vesicular pumice fragments and subordinate obsidian clasts, whilst Rocche Rosse and Lami are characterized by moderately vesicular juvenile fragments with a more significant fraction of obsidian. The Lami tephra also contains peculiar pumice clasts with a fibrous texture and breadcrust bombs.

Stratigraphic relationships, and paleomagnetic and ¹⁴C ages of the lava and pyroclastic deposits are combined with the archaeological information and historical reports, enabling us to provide an accurate chrono-stratigraphic framework for the youngest eruptions of Lipari. Following the 8th century CE eruption of Monte Pilato, which produced a pumice cone and a obsidian lava flow, activity resumed in the second half of 13th century CE with the explosive eruption of Forgia Vecchia that culminated in the emission of a bilobate obsidian lava flow. This eruption was shortly followed by the explosive eruptions of Lami and Rocche Rosse, the latter concluded with the emission of the widely renowned obsidian lava flow.

By integrating stratigraphy and geochemistry of tephra deposits with a new chronological scheme, our work facilitates the refinement of proximal-to-distal correlation of Lipari's rhyolitic tephra in continental marine environments of the central Mediterranean area in the last 1500 years. A fine-grained, rhyolitic ash found on Stromboli (~40 km NE from Lipari) has an origin from the Monte Pilato and thus, constrains tephra dispersion towards the NE. Very similar ash beds dispersed southwards and interlayered within the near-source deposits of La Fossa, Vulcano island (~10 km from Lipari) exhibit features that are consistent with the younger activities of the Rocche Rosse eruption. A possible link between previously identified rhyolitic ash layers identified in marine cores of the Ionian Sea and the Forgia Vecchia eruption are postulated, although the age and textural characteristics of these distal tephra are not univocal in indicating a correlation to either Monte Pilato or Forgia Vecchia.

伊奥利亚群岛内利帕里最年轻的（过去 1500 年）火山喷发产生了突出的皮拉托山浮石锥和罗奇罗斯和 Forgia Vecchia 的黑曜石熔岩流，集中在该岛的东北部以及在区域尺度的陆地和海洋环境中，高度分散的白色、细粒流纹岩组成的火山灰层。在这里，我们详细描述了由不同喷口喷发的火山碎屑序列和熔岩流的地层学 - Monte Pilato、Forgia Vecchia、Lami 和 Rocche Rosse - 结合实地观察、火山灰沉积物的沉积学特征以及火山的主要和微量元素组成玻璃。所有的火山碎屑材料都由无球状的浮石和火山灰组成，其中大部分是均质的流纹岩成分。Monte Pilato 和 Forgia Vecchia 矿床主要由高度水泡的浮石碎片和次要的黑曜石碎屑组成，而 Rocche Rosse 和 Lami 的特征是中等水泡的幼年碎片和更重要的黑曜石部分。Lami tephra 还含有特殊的具有纤维质地的浮石碎屑和面包皮炸弹。

地层关系、熔岩和火山碎屑沉积物的古地磁和¹⁴ C 年龄与考古信息和历史报告相结合，使我们能够为利帕里最年轻的喷发提供准确的年代地层框架。公元 8 世纪，皮拉托山 (Monte Pilato) 喷发，产生了一个浮石锥和黑曜石熔岩流，公元 13 世纪下半叶，随着 Forgia Vecchia 的爆炸性喷发，活动恢复，最终喷出双叶黑曜石熔岩流。这次喷发之后不久，Lami 和 Rocche Rosse 发生了爆炸性喷发，后者以广为人知的黑曜石熔岩流的喷发结束。

通过将火山灰沉积物的地层学和地球化学与新的年代学方案相结合，我们的工作促进了过去 1500 年来地中海中部地区大陆海洋环境中利帕里流纹质火山灰的近端到远端相关性的细化。在 Stromboli（距利帕里东北约 40 公里）发现的细粒流纹岩灰起源于 Monte Pilato，因此限制了火山灰向东北方向扩散。非常相似的灰层向南分散并夹杂在 La Fossa、Vulcano 岛（距利帕里约 10 公里）的近源沉积物中，其特征与 Rocche Rosse 喷发的较年轻活动一致。假设在爱奥尼亚海的海洋核心中确定的先前确定的流纹岩灰层与 Forgia Vecchia 喷发之间可能存在联系，