Recent population and industrial growth require innovative approaches for recycling construction materials for civil infrastructure such as railways, roads, and building foundations. This study adopts a combination of expansive black soil blended with coal wash (CW), a by-product of coal mining, to produce a resilient substructural fill for railroads. When considered individually, expansive clays and CW are prone to high swell pressure, shrinking and swelling, excessive degradation, and relatively low bearing capacity, properties that would adversely affect infrastructure. This current study is a laboratory characterisation of soil and CW mixtures in relation to Atterberg Limits, Particle Size Distribution (PSD), and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. A mini-compaction procedure is used to assess the changes in maximum dry density and optimum moisture content. This is followed by a series of consolidated-undrained monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests of the mixtures. Our findings show that CW can reduce the plasticity, susceptibility to shrinkage, and the swell pressure of clay soil. When clay is blended with CW there is a significant improvement in the undrained shear strength, resilient modulus, and yield response before failure, as well as the number of loading cycles before failure. Furthermore, the inclusion of CW to improve the mechanical properties of soil also reduced the large amount of space needed to store CW.

最近的人口和工业增长需要创新方法来回收用于铁路、公路和建筑基础等民用基础设施的建筑材料。本研究采用膨胀黑土与煤炭开采的副产品洗煤 (CW) 混合，为铁路生产弹性底层结构填料。单独考虑时，膨胀粘土和 CW 容易出现高膨胀压力、收缩和膨胀、过度降解和相对较低的承载能力，这些特性会对基础设施产生不利影响。目前的研究是土壤和 CW 混合物与阿特伯格极限、粒度分布 (PSD) 和 X 射线衍射光谱相关的实验室表征。微型压实程序用于评估最大干密度和最佳含水量的变化。接下来是对混合物进行一系列固结不排水单调和循环三轴试验。我们的研究结果表明，CW 可以降低粘土的可塑性、收缩敏感性和膨胀压力。当粘土与 CW 混合时，不排水剪切强度、弹性模量和破坏前的屈服响应以及破坏前的加载循环次数都有显着改善。此外，加入 CW 以改善土壤的机械性能也减少了存储 CW 所需的大量空间。对收缩的敏感性和粘土的膨胀压力。当粘土与 CW 混合时，不排水剪切强度、弹性模量和破坏前的屈服响应以及破坏前的加载循环次数都有显着改善。此外，加入 CW 以改善土壤的机械性能也减少了存储 CW 所需的大量空间。对收缩的敏感性和粘土的膨胀压力。当粘土与 CW 混合时，不排水剪切强度、弹性模量和破坏前的屈服响应以及破坏前的加载循环次数都有显着改善。此外，加入 CW 以改善土壤的机械性能也减少了存储 CW 所需的大量空间。