The Hispanic/Latino population is the second largest racial/ethnic group in the continental United States and Hawaii, accounting for 18% (60.6 million) of the total population. An additional 3 million Hispanic Americans live in Puerto Rico. Every 3 years, the American Cancer Society reports on cancer occurrence, risk factors, and screening for Hispanic individuals in the United States using the most recent population-based data. An estimated 176,600 new cancer cases and 46,500 cancer deaths will occur among Hispanic individuals in the continental United States and Hawaii in 2021. Compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), Hispanic men and women had 25%-30% lower incidence (2014-2018) and mortality (2015-2019) rates for all cancers combined and lower rates for the most common cancers, although this gap is diminishing. For example, the colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rate ratio for Hispanic compared with NHW individuals narrowed from 0.75 (95% CI, 0.73-0.78) in 1995 to 0.91 (95% CI, 0.89-0.93) in 2018, reflecting delayed declines in CRC rates among Hispanic individuals in part because of slower uptake of screening. In contrast, Hispanic individuals have higher rates of infection-related cancers, including approximately two-fold higher incidence of liver and stomach cancer. Cervical cancer incidence is 32% higher among Hispanic women in the continental US and Hawaii and 78% higher among women in Puerto Rico compared to NHW women, yet is largely preventable through screening. Less access to care may be similarly reflected in the low prevalence of localized-stage breast cancer among Hispanic women, 59% versus 67% among NHW women. Evidence-based strategies for decreasing the cancer burden among the Hispanic population include the use of culturally appropriate lay health advisors and patient navigators and targeted, community-based intervention programs to facilitate access to screening and promote healthy behaviors. In addition, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer trends and disparities in the Hispanic population should be closely monitored.

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2021 年美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口的癌症统计数据

西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口是美国大陆和夏威夷的第二大种族/族裔群体，占总人口的 18%（6060 万）。另有 300 万西班牙裔美国人居住在波多黎各。每 3 年，美国癌症协会都会使用最新的基于人群的数据报告美国西班牙裔人群的癌症发生率、风险因素和筛查情况。据估计，2021 年美国大陆和夏威夷的西班牙裔人将有 176,600 例新癌症病例和 46,500 例癌症死亡。与非西班牙裔白人 (NHW) 相比，西班牙裔男性和女性的发病率要低 25%-30%（2014- 2018) 和死亡率 (2015-2019) 的总和，以及最常见癌症的较低死亡率，尽管这一差距正在缩小。例如，西班牙裔与 NHW 个体的结直肠癌 (CRC) 发病率比从 1995 年的 0.75（95% CI，0.73-0.78）缩小到 2018 年的 0.91（95% CI，0.89-0.93），反映了西班牙裔人部分是因为筛查的吸收较慢。相比之下，西班牙裔人感染相关癌症的发病率更高，其中肝癌和胃癌的发病率大约高出两倍。与 NHW 女性相比，美国大陆和夏威夷的西班牙裔女性的宫颈癌发病率高出 32%，波多黎各女性的宫颈癌发病率高出 78%，但在很大程度上可以通过筛查来预防。获得护理的机会较少可能同样反映在西班牙裔女性中局部阶段乳腺癌的低患病率上，NHW 女性为 59% 与 67%。减少西班牙裔人群癌症负担的循证策略包括使用文化上合适的非专业健康顾问和患者导航员以及有针对性的、基于社区的干预计划，以促进筛查和促进健康行为。此外，应密切监测 COVID-19 大流行对西班牙裔人群癌症趋势和差异的影响。