Desalination is a critical process to resolve the crisis of insufficient freshwater resources. Among desalination technologies, electrochemical electrode deionization (EEDI) has attracted wide attention because of the advantages in low cost, no secondary pollution, and low energy consumption etc. Electrode materials are the critical factors for determining the performance of EEDI. However, the traditional EEDI with carbon electrode (capacitive deionization, CDI) often showed inefficient desalination capacity, charge efficiency, cycle stability as well as ions selectivity due to the anode oxidation. Therefore, the development of anions-capture materials is crucial for the development of EEDI devices. In this review, the anions-capture materials are classified into four categories according to their capture mechanisms: (i) Electrosorption materials, mainly including conventional and modified carbon materials; (ii) conversion reaction materials, mainly including Ag/AgCl and Bi/BiOCl couples; (iii) redox reactions materials including polypyrrole (PPY), poly (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy methacrylate) (PTMA) and poly (vinylferrocene) (PVFc); (iv) ions intercalation materials including layered double hydroxides/layered metal oxides (LDHs/LMOs), Mxenes. This review summarizes all currently known anions-capture materials and discussing their mechanisms and performance in detail. Future research focus and other vital issues that need to be addressed are also outlined.

海水淡化是解决淡水资源不足危机的关键过程。在海水淡化技术中，电化学电极去离子（EEDI）因其成本低、无二次污染、能耗低等优点而受到广泛关注。电极材料是决定EEDI性能的关键因素。然而，传统的带有碳电极的 EEDI（电容去离子，CDI）由于阳极氧化经常表现出低效的脱盐能力、充电效率、循环稳定性以及离子选择性。因此，阴离子捕获材料的开发对于EEDI设备的开发至关重要。在这篇综述中，阴离子捕获材料根据其捕获机制分为四类：（i）电吸附材料，主要包括常规和改性碳材料；(ii) 转化反应材料，主要包括Ag/AgCl和Bi/BiOCl对；(iii)氧化还原反应材料，包括聚吡咯（PPY）、聚（2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氧基甲基丙烯酸酯）（PTMA）和聚（乙烯基二茂铁）（PVFc）；(iv) 离子嵌入材料，包括层状双氢氧化物/层状金属氧化物 (LDHs/LMOs)、Mxenes。这篇综述总结了所有目前已知的阴离子捕获材料，并详细讨论了它们的机制和性能。还概述了未来的研究重点和其他需要解决的重要问题。6-四甲基哌啶氧基甲基丙烯酸酯）（PTMA）和聚（乙烯基二茂铁）（PVFc）；(iv) 离子嵌入材料，包括层状双氢氧化物/层状金属氧化物 (LDHs/LMOs)、Mxenes。这篇综述总结了所有目前已知的阴离子捕获材料，并详细讨论了它们的机制和性能。还概述了未来的研究重点和其他需要解决的重要问题。6-四甲基哌啶氧基甲基丙烯酸酯）（PTMA）和聚（乙烯基二茂铁）（PVFc）；(iv) 离子嵌入材料，包括层状双氢氧化物/层状金属氧化物 (LDHs/LMOs)、Mxenes。这篇综述总结了所有目前已知的阴离子捕获材料，并详细讨论了它们的机制和性能。还概述了未来的研究重点和其他需要解决的重要问题。