Ultrasound technology is often associated with harmful effects on enzyme reactions, although it is possible to improve the productivity of bioprocesses when suitable conditions are employed. Sugarcane bagasse and straw are the feedstocks widely used in Brazil for second-generation (2G) ethanol production; however, the lignocellulose biomass conversion into fermentable sugars through the enzymatic route is not yet fully optimized. Lignocellulolytic enzymes represent a significant part of the costs related to 2G ethanol production. Nonetheless, they exhibit great potential for cost reduction due to improved enzyme features: mainly increment of its activity and an increase of hydrolysis yield. This enzymatic hydrolysis of feedstock can be enhanced by green technology ultrasound application’s combined action on the enzymes and their substrates. The mixed action increases the lignocellulose saccharification; hence, it is considered a promising alternative for fermentable sugar release. The process optimization using green approaches, such as ultrasound and enzymatic treatment, can boost the sugar yield, thus emphasizing the importance of steps integration towards biomass conversion. This review attempts to provide an overview of the effects of ultrasound treatment on lignocellulolytic enzymes used in the 2G ethanol production and those of the process intensification through an unprecedented bibliometric search.

超声波技术通常会对酶反应产生有害影响，尽管在采用合适的条件时可以提高生物过程的生产率。甘蔗渣和秸秆是巴西广泛用于第二代 (2G) 乙醇生产的原料；然而，通过酶促途径将木质纤维素生物质转化为可发酵糖的过程尚未完全优化。木质纤维素分解酶占与 2G 乙醇生产相关的成本的很大一部分。尽管如此，由于酶特性的改进，它们表现出降低成本的巨大潜力：主要是其活性的增加和水解产率的增加。绿色技术超声应用对酶及其底物的联合作用可以增强原料的这种酶水解。混合作用增加木质纤维素糖化；因此，它被认为是可发酵糖释放的有前途的替代品。使用绿色方法（例如超声波和酶处理）的工艺优化可以提高糖产量，从而强调步骤整合对生物质转化的重要性。本综述试图通过前所未有的文献计量搜索，概述超声处理对 2G 乙醇生产中使用的木质纤维素分解酶和过程强化酶的影响。因此强调了对生物质转化的步骤整合的重要性。本综述试图通过前所未有的文献计量搜索，概述超声处理对 2G 乙醇生产中使用的木质纤维素分解酶和过程强化酶的影响。因此强调了对生物质转化的步骤整合的重要性。本综述试图通过前所未有的文献计量搜索，概述超声处理对 2G 乙醇生产中使用的木质纤维素分解酶和过程强化酶的影响。