Studies have shown that women are more susceptible to adverse effects (AEs) from conventional drugs. This study aimed to investigate the differences of medical cannabis (MC)-related AEs between women and men in patients with chronic noncancer pain (CNCP). This is a cross-sectional study of adult patients licensed for MC treatment who were also diagnosed as patients with CNCP by a physician. Data included self-reported questionnaires and comprehensive MC treatment information. Simultaneously, identification and quantification of phytocannabinoids and terpenoids from the MC cultivars were performed. Comparative statistics were used to evaluate differences between men and women. Four hundred twenty-nine patients with CNCP (64% males) reported fully on their MC treatment. Subgrouping by sex demonstrated that the weight-adjusted doses were similar between men and women (0.48 [0.33-0.6] gr for men and 0.47 [0.34-0.66] gr for women). Nonetheless, women reported more than men on MC-related AEs. Further analysis revealed that women consumed different MC cultivar combinations than men, with significantly higher monthly doses of the phytocannabinoids CBD and CBC and significantly lower monthly doses of the phytocannabinoid 373-15c and the terpenoid linalool. Our findings demonstrate sex differences in MC-related AEs among patients with CNCP. Women are more susceptible to MC-related AEs, presumably because of both the inherent sex effect and the consumption of specific phytocannabinoid compositions in the MC cultivar(s). The understanding of these differences may be crucial for planning MC treatments with safer phytocannabinoid and terpenoid compositions and to better inform patients of expected AEs.

中文翻译：

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医用大麻相关不良反应的性别差异。

研究表明，女性更容易受到传统药物不良反应 (AE) 的影响。本研究旨在调查女性和男性慢性非癌性疼痛 (CNCP) 患者中医用大麻 (MC) 相关不良事件的差异。这是一项针对获得 MC 治疗许可的成年患者的横断面研究，这些患者也被医生诊断为 CNCP 患者。数据包括自我报告的问卷和综合 MC 治疗信息。同时，对 MC 品种中的植物大麻素和萜类化合物进行了鉴定和定量。比较统计数据用于评估男性和女性之间的差异。429 名 CNCP 患者（64% 男性）完整报告了他们的 MC 治疗情况。按性别分组表明，男性和女性之间的体重调整剂量相似（男性为 0.48 [0.33-0.6] gr，女性为 0.47 [0.34-0.66] gr）。尽管如此，女性报告的 MC 相关不良事件多于男性。进一步的分析显示，女性消耗的 MC 品种组合与男性不同，植物大麻素 CBD 和 CBC 的每月剂量显着较高，而植物大麻素 373-15c 和萜类芳樟醇的每月剂量显着较低。我们的研究结果表明，CNCP 患者中 MC 相关 AE 存在性别差异。女性更容易受到 MC 相关 AE 的影响，大概是因为 MC 品种固有的性别效应和特定植物大麻素成分的消耗。了解这些差异对于规划更安全的植物大麻素和萜类化合物组合物的 MC 治疗以及更好地告知患者预期的 AE 可能至关重要。