Herein, we report a facile yet efficient strategy for fabricating a carbonized kapok fiber aerogel (CKF) based composite PCM, by incorporating magnetic guest of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and encapsulating thermal energy guest of lauric acid (LA). The obtained LA/CKF@Fe₃O₄ composite PCMs (CPM) shows an ultrahigh latent heat of 97.5% that of LA. Besides, the integration of Fe₃O₄ contributes to the CPM with excellent microwave absorption performance by achieving an optimal balance between the impedance matching and the high loss characteristics. The minimum reflection loss for CPM-30 is −17.3 dB at 8.4 GHz within thickness of 5.5 mm, far exceeding the practical demand of −10 dB. Furthermore, the CPM can also realize efficient solar/magnetic to thermal conversion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of carbon aerogel based composite PCM prepared by facile yet renewable method that also exhibits ultrahigh thermal energy capacity, enhanced thermal conductivity, superior microwave absorption property and efficient solar/magnetic to thermal conversion performance. This study paves a way for designing of high-performance composite PCMs with numerous energy storage forms and functions by extending the reported system to other natural microtubules and functional guests.

在此，我们报告了一种简单而有效的策略，用于制造基于碳化木棉纤维气凝胶 (CKF) 的复合 PCM，通过加入 Fe ₃ O ₄纳米颗粒的磁性客体和封装月桂酸 (LA) 的热能客体。获得的LA/CKF@Fe ₃ O ₄复合PCMs（CPM）显示出97.5%的LA的超高潜热。此外，Fe ₃ O ₄通过在阻抗匹配和高损耗特性之间实现最佳平衡，为具有优异微波吸收性能的 CPM 做出贡献。CPM-30 的最小反射损耗在 8.4 GHz 时为 -17.3 dB，厚度为 5.5 mm，远远超过 -10 dB 的实际需求。此外，CPM 还可以实现高效的太阳能/磁热转换。据我们所知，这是通过简便但可再生的方法制备的碳气凝胶基复合 PCM 的第一个例子，该方法还具有超高的热能容量、增强的热导率、优异的微波吸收性能和高效的太阳能/磁热转换性能。