Microbial inoculums (MIs) were the widely used biofortification strategy in composting. However, lack of efficient MIs and unclear strengthening mechanisms might impaired the efficiency of MIs. Here, three experimental group (precise strains, commercial MI, Inoculum HJ) and one control group (untreated) were investigated to close these gaps. Adding MIs could significantly prolong the duration of thermophilic period (1.5–2.8 times), but the difference in GI, pH value, EC value and moisture content were marginal. Furthermore, it could be observed that adding Inoculum HJ could improve the degradation rate of lignocellulose and organic matters for 1.22–1.25 times. The high-throughput sequencing results showed that adding Inoculum HJ made additional genus dominant, with their relative abundance raised from 2.58 to 3.39 times. Results of network analysis showed that microbial interaction could be strengthened by adding MIs, and significantly improved composting quality. The most intensive interaction was observed in the pile with Inoculum HJ, which was 1.20 times higher than other piles. To explore how Inoculum HJ strengthened microbial interaction, module based connectivity analysis was used to distinguish key hubs. Results showed that twelve hkey OTUs in the thermophilic period were similar to additional strains’ full-length 16S rRNA gene. These results showed that additional strains behaved like the key hubs to strengthen microbial interaction in the thermophilic period. This research indicated that additional strains from the most efficient inoculum could behave as key hubs to increase the network complexity and had the potential to strengthen microbial interaction.

微生物接种物 (MI) 是堆肥中广泛使用的生物强化策略。然而，缺乏有效的 MIs 和不明确的强化机制可能会损害 MIs 的效率。在这里，研究了三个实验组（精确菌株、商业 MI、接种 HJ）和一个对照组（未处理）以缩小这些差距。添加MIs可显着延长嗜热期的持续时间（1.5-2.8倍），但GI、pH值、EC值和水分含量差异不大。此外，可以观察到，添加 Inoculum HJ 可使木质纤维素和有机物的降解率提高 1.22-1.25 倍。高通量测序结果表明，添加 Inoculum HJ 使附加属显性，相对丰度从 2.58 倍提高到 3.39 倍。网络分析结果表明，添加MIs可以加强微生物相互作用，显着提高堆肥质量。在与 Inoculum HJ 的桩中观察到最强烈的相互作用，是其他桩的 1.20 倍。为了探索 Inoculum HJ 如何加强微生物相互作用，使用基于模块的连通性分析来区分关键枢纽。结果表明，嗜热期的12个hkey OTUs与其他菌株的全长16S rRNA基因相似。这些结果表明，在嗜热时期，其他菌株的行为就像是加强微生物相互作用的关键枢纽。这项研究表明，来自最有效接种物的额外菌株可以作为增加网络复杂性的关键枢纽，并有可能加强微生物相互作用。