Minerals are the dominant impurities in coal and their changes in gasifiers could cause many problems such as fouling, slagging, and ash deposition. The mineralogy of the coal gasification residues derived from two commercial entrained-flow coal gasification plants from the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base were determined. A range of minerals were detected by the analyses of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope with associated energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM–EDS). The mineral species formed in General Electric (GE) gasification were more abundant than that in the Gaskombinat Schwarze Pumpe (GSP) gasification. The neoformed minerals such as grossular and hedenbergite detected in the residues indicated that the gasification processes share some similarities with magmatism in geological system. The existence of wustite in the GE coal gasification residues indicated the reductive environment in the GE gasifier. Compared to the GSP feed coals, the higher proportions of calcite, pyrite, and siderite and the higher Na contents in the GE feed coals indicated that the ash problems probably happen in the coal-water slurry gasification. Reducing the proportions of those Na-, Ca-, and Fe-containing mineral from the feed coal is necessary for the improvement of the coal gasification process.

矿物是煤中的主要杂质，它们在气化炉中的变化会导致许多问题，例如结垢、结渣和积灰。确定了来自宁东能源化工基地的两个商业气流煤气化装置的煤气化残渣的矿物学。通过 X 射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜以及相关的能量色散 X 射线光谱仪 (SEM-EDS) 的分析，检测到了一系列矿物。通用电气 (GE) 气化中形成的矿物种类比 Gaskombinat Schwarze Pumpe (GSP) 气化中形成的矿物种类更丰富。残渣中检测到的新形成矿物如格陵兰、海登堡岩表明气化过程与地质系统中的岩浆作用具有一定的相似性。GE煤气化残渣中方铁矿的存在表明GE气化炉中存在还原性环境。与GSP原料煤相比，GE原料煤中方解石、黄铁矿和菱铁矿的比例较高，Na含量较高，表明水煤浆气化可能发生灰分问题。降低进料煤中这些含钠、钙和铁矿物的比例对于改进煤气化工艺是必要的。