The presence of a change in a visual scene can influence brain activity and behavior, even in the absence of full conscious report. It may be possible for us to sense that such a change has occurred, even if we cannot specify exactly where or what it was. Despite existing evidence from electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking data, it is still unclear how this partial level of awareness relates to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activation. Using EEG, fMRI, and a change blindness paradigm, we found multi-modal evidence to suggest that sensing a change is distinguishable from being blind to it. Specifically, trials during which participants could detect the presence of a colour change but not identify the location of the change (sense trials), were compared to those where participants could both detect and localise the change (localise or see trials), as well as change blind trials. In EEG, late parietal positivity and N2 amplitudes were larger for localised changes only, when compared to change blindness. However, ERP-informed fMRI analysis found no voxels with activation that significantly co-varied with fluctuations in single-trial late positivity amplitudes. In fMRI, a range of visual (BA17,18), parietal (BA7,40), and mid-brain (anterior cingulate, BA24) areas showed increased fMRI BOLD activation when a change was sensed, compared to change blindness. These visual and parietal areas are commonly implicated as the storage sites of visual working memory, and we therefore argue that sensing may not be explained by a lack of stored representation of the visual display. Both seeing and sensing a change were associated with an overlapping occipitoparietal network of activation when compared to blind trials, suggesting that the quality of the visual representation, rather than the lack of one, may result in partial awareness during the change blindness paradigm.

中文翻译：

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同步脑电图-功能磁共振成像中与重叠枕顶叶激活相关的感知和视觉

即使在没有完全有意识的报告的情况下，视觉场景的变化也会影响大脑的活动和行为。即使我们无法确切说明发生的地点或内容，我们也可能感觉到这种变化已经发生。尽管已有脑电图 (EEG) 和眼动追踪数据的证据，但仍不清楚这种部分意识水平与功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 血氧水平依赖性 (BOLD) 激活有何关系。使用脑电图、功能磁共振成像和变化盲目范式，我们发现了多模态证据表明感知变化与对变化视而不见是有区别的。具体来说，将参与者可以检测到颜色变化的存在但无法识别变化位置（感觉试验）的试验与参与者可以检测和定位变化（定位或查看试验）的试验进行比较，以及改变盲目试验。在 EEG 中，与变化失明相比，仅局部变化的晚期顶叶阳性和 N2 振幅较大。然而，基于 ERP 的功能磁共振成像分析发现，没有发现激活体素与单次试验晚期阳性振幅的波动显着共变。在 fMRI 中，与变化失明相比，当感知到变化时，一系列视觉 (BA17,18)、顶叶 (BA7,40) 和中脑（前扣带回，BA24）区域显示出 fMRI BOLD 激活增加。这些视觉和顶叶区域通常被认为是视觉工作记忆的存储位点，因此我们认为感知可能不能用缺乏视觉显示的存储表示来解释。与盲试验相比，看到和感觉到变化都与重叠的枕顶叶激活网络相关，这表明视觉表征的质量，而不是缺乏，可能会导致变化盲范范式期间的部分意识。