Ecosystem degradation is a process during which different ecosystem components interact and affect each other. The microbial community, as a component of the ecosystem whose members often display high reproduction rates, is more readily able to respond to environmental stress at the compositional and functional levels, thus potentially threatening other ecosystem components. However, very little research has been carried out on how microbial community degradation affects other ecosystem components, which hampers the comprehensive understanding of ecosystems as a whole. In this study, we investigated the variation in a soil microbial community through the extinction gradient of an ectomycorrhizal species (Tricholomas matsutake) and explored the relationship between microbial community degradation and ectomycorrhizal species extinction. The result showed that during degradation, the microbial community switched from an interactive state to a stress tolerance state. During degradation, the interactivity of the microbial community decreased from average degree (avgK) 3.54 of undegraded state to 1.63 of degraded state, and the interactivity parameter was significantly related to T. matsutake dominance (R² = 0.953, p < 0.05). The reduced community interactions with T. matsutake marginalized it from a large central interactive module (67 nodes with 399 intra-module links and 86 inter-module links) to a small peripheral module (four nodes with three intra-module links and no inter-module links), eventually leading to its extinction. This study highlights the mechanisms of T. matsutake extinction due to the loss of soil microbial community interactivity, offering valuable information about soil microbial community degradation and the plant ectomycorrhizal species conservation.

中文翻译：

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微生物群落退化过程中相互作用的减少导致松茸的灭绝

生态系统退化是不同生态系统组成部分相互作用和相互影响的过程。微生物群落作为生态系统的一个组成部分，其成员通常表现出高繁殖率，更容易在组成和功能层面对环境压力做出反应，从而可能威胁到其他生态系统组成部分。然而，关于微生物群落退化如何影响其他生态系统组成部分的研究很少，这阻碍了对整个生态系统的全面了解。在这项研究中，我们通过外生菌根物种（Tricholomas matsutake）的灭绝梯度研究了土壤微生物群落的变化) 并探讨了微生物群落退化与外生菌根物种灭绝之间的关系。结果表明，在降解过程中，微生物群落从交互状态转变为胁迫耐受状态。在降解过程中，微生物群落的交互性从未降解状态的平均程度 (avgK) 3.54 下降到降解状态的 1.63，并且交互性参数与松茸优势显着相关（R ²  = 0.953，p  < 0.05）。减少与T. matsutake 的社区互动将其从一个大型的中央交互模块（67 个节点，399 个模块内链接和 86 个模块间链接）边缘化为一个小的外围模块（四个节点，三个模块内链接，没有模块间链接），最终导致其灭绝。本研究强调了由于土壤微生物群落交互性丧失而导致松茸灭绝的机制，为土壤微生物群落退化和植物外生菌根物种保护提供了有价值的信息。