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Non-enzymatic assembly of active chimeric ribozymes from aminoacylated RNA oligonucleotides
bioRxiv - Biochemistry Pub Date : 2021-09-15 , DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.15.460531
Aleksandar Radakovic , Saurja DasGupta , Tom H. Wright , Harry R.M. Aitken , Jack W. Szostak

Aminoacylated tRNAs, which harbor a covalent linkage between amino acids and RNA, are a universally conserved feature of life. Because they are essential substrates for ribosomal translation, aminoacylated oligonucleotides must have been present in the RNA World prior to the evolution of the ribosome. One possibility we are exploring is that the aminoacyl ester linkage served another function before being recruited for ribosomal protein synthesis. The nonenzymatic assembly of ribozymes from short RNA oligomers under realistic conditions remains a key challenge in demonstrating a plausible pathway from prebiotic chemistry to the RNA World. Here, we show that aminoacylated RNAs can undergo template-directed assembly into chimeric amino acid-RNA polymers that are active ribozymes. We demonstrate that such chimeric polymers can retain the enzymatic function of their all-RNA counterparts by generating chimeric hammerhead, RNA ligase, and aminoacyl transferase ribozymes. Amino acids with diverse side chains form linkages that are well tolerated within the RNA backbone, potentially bringing novel functionalities to ribozyme catalysis. Our work suggests that aminoacylation chemistry may have played a role in primordial ribozyme assembly. Increasing the efficiency of this process provides an evolutionary rationale for the emergence of sequence and amino acid specific aminoacyl-RNA synthetase ribozymes, which could then have generated the substrates for ribosomal protein synthesis.

中文翻译:

来自氨酰化 RNA 寡核苷酸的活性嵌合核酶的非酶促组装

氨基酰化的 tRNA 在氨基酸和 RNA 之间具有共价键,是生命普遍保守的特征。因为它们是核糖体翻译的必要底物,氨酰化寡核苷酸在核糖体进化之前一定已经存在于 RNA 世界中。我们正在探索的一种可能性是,氨酰酯键在被招募用于核糖体蛋白质合成之前发挥了另一种功能。在现实条件下,来自短 RNA 寡聚体的核酶的非酶促组装仍然是证明从益生元化学到 RNA 世界的合理途径的关键挑战。在这里,我们展示了氨酰化的 RNA 可以通过模板定向组装成嵌合氨基酸-RNA 聚合物,这些聚合物是活性核酶。我们证明这种嵌合聚合物可以通过产生嵌合锤头、RNA 连接酶和氨酰基转移酶核酶来保留其所有 RNA 对应物的酶功能。具有不同侧链的氨基酸形成在 RNA 主链内具有良好耐受性的连接,可能为核酶催化带来新的功能。我们的工作表明,氨酰化化学可能在原始核酶组装中发挥了作用。提高该过程的效率为序列和氨基酸特异性氨酰-RNA 合成酶核酶的出现提供了进化原理,然后可以产生核糖体蛋白质合成的底物。具有不同侧链的氨基酸形成在 RNA 主链内具有良好耐受性的连接,可能为核酶催化带来新的功能。我们的工作表明,氨酰化化学可能在原始核酶组装中发挥了作用。提高该过程的效率为序列和氨基酸特异性氨酰-RNA 合成酶核酶的出现提供了进化原理,然后可以产生核糖体蛋白质合成的底物。具有不同侧链的氨基酸形成在 RNA 主链内具有良好耐受性的连接,可能为核酶催化带来新的功能。我们的工作表明,氨酰化化学可能在原始核酶组装中发挥了作用。提高该过程的效率为序列和氨基酸特异性氨酰-RNA 合成酶核酶的出现提供了进化原理,然后可以产生核糖体蛋白质合成的底物。
更新日期:2021-09-19
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